3) absorption rate of iron in the foods rice 1% corn 3% black bean 3% lettuce 4% flour 5% soybean 6% fish 11% hemoglobin 15% mustle, liver 22%
3) absorption rate of iron in the foods rice 1% corn 3% black bean 3% lettuce 4% flour 5% soybean 6% fish 11% hemoglobin 15% mustle, liver 22%
2) Reason ❖ Poor diets ❖ Poor absorption ❖ Blood loss: menstruation(月经), hemorrhage (出血), 0.5 mg Fe per ml blood. ❖ Pregnancy 1) Prevalence of IDA China: 40% 0f children under 3 y World: >4y, 0.6%-7.7% 5-8y, 5.5% young healthy women， 35%-58% 4. iron-deficiency anemia (IDA)
2) Reason ❖ Poor diets ❖ Poor absorption ❖ Blood loss: menstruation(月经), hemorrhage (出血), 0.5 mg Fe per ml blood. ❖ Pregnancy 1) Prevalence of IDA China: 40% 0f children under 3 y World: >4y, 0.6%-7.7% 5-8y, 5.5% young healthy women， 35%-58% 4. iron-deficiency anemia (IDA)
Prevalence of anemia
Prevalence of anemia
3) The process assessment of IDA 1st stage iron decrease(ID): stored iron exhaustion, serum ferritin↓. 2nd stage Iron-deficiency in erythrocytosis(红细胞 生成缺铁期): serum Fe and ferritin↓, iron-biding capacity↑ (saturation of transferrin↓,运铁蛋白饱和度), cons. of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP)(游 离原扑啉) ↑ 3rd stage IDA: hemoglobin and hematocrite(红细胞 压积) values decline
3) The process assessment of IDA 1st stage iron decrease(ID): stored iron exhaustion, serum ferritin↓. 2nd stage Iron-deficiency in erythrocytosis(红细胞 生成缺铁期): serum Fe and ferritin↓, iron-biding capacity↑ (saturation of transferrin↓,运铁蛋白饱和度), cons. of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP)(游 离原扑啉) ↑ 3rd stage IDA: hemoglobin and hematocrite(红细胞 压积) values decline
4) Deficiency symptoms ➢ Immune system: Reduced resistance to infection ➢ Nervous/Muscular systems Reduced work productivity, tolerance to work; Reduced physical fitness(健康): weakness, fatigue(疲劳); Impaired cognitive function（损害认识功能） (children); Reduced learning ability; Increased distractibility (注意力分散) ; Impaired visual discrimination(识别力); Impaired reactivity and coordination (协调性) (infants)
4) Deficiency symptoms ➢ Immune system: Reduced resistance to infection ➢ Nervous/Muscular systems Reduced work productivity, tolerance to work; Reduced physical fitness(健康): weakness, fatigue(疲劳); Impaired cognitive function（损害认识功能） (children); Reduced learning ability; Increased distractibility (注意力分散) ; Impaired visual discrimination(识别力); Impaired reactivity and coordination (协调性) (infants)