SECTION 5 MINERALS（矿物质） 一、 Introduction Elements（元素） in human body 1. Total elements In human body is over 80. 2. Essential elements in human body over 20, most of them (about 20) are mineral elements Microelements : Fe, Zn, Se, I, Cu, Co, Cr, F, Mn, Minerals Mo, Si, Ni, B, V. Macroelements : Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, S, Cl
SECTION 5 MINERALS（矿物质） 一、 Introduction Elements（元素） in human body 1. Total elements In human body is over 80. 2. Essential elements in human body over 20, most of them (about 20) are mineral elements Microelements : Fe, Zn, Se, I, Cu, Co, Cr, F, Mn, Minerals Mo, Si, Ni, B, V. Macroelements : Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, S, Cl
Function of minerals in body 1. Composition of human body. 2. Maintain the pH and osmotic pressure (渗透压) of body liquids. 3. Regulating the exciting of nerve and muscle . 4. Components of prosthetic group(辅基), hormone, vitamin, protein, nucleic acid, and activator （激活剂） of enzyme. 5. The others
Function of minerals in body 1. Composition of human body. 2. Maintain the pH and osmotic pressure (渗透压) of body liquids. 3. Regulating the exciting of nerve and muscle . 4. Components of prosthetic group(辅基), hormone, vitamin, protein, nucleic acid, and activator （激活剂） of enzyme. 5. The others
二、钙（Calcium） 1. Distribution of Calcium in human body Ca in the body: 850-1200g 1.5%-2.0% of body weight Bone , teeth, 99%: Hydroxyapatite （羟磷灰石） amorphous Ca （未定形钙） Combined form, 0.5%: combined with protein and citric acid （ 柠檬酸） Ion, 0.5%： Miscible Ca Pool （混溶钙池）In blood, extracellular fluid, soft tissue, and exchangeable
二、钙（Calcium） 1. Distribution of Calcium in human body Ca in the body: 850-1200g 1.5%-2.0% of body weight Bone , teeth, 99%: Hydroxyapatite （羟磷灰石） amorphous Ca （未定形钙） Combined form, 0.5%: combined with protein and citric acid （ 柠檬酸） Ion, 0.5%： Miscible Ca Pool （混溶钙池）In blood, extracellular fluid, soft tissue, and exchangeable
2. Function of calcium in body 1). Principal component of skeletal tissue Osteoblasts(成) Osteoclasts(破) Bone Ca (miscible Ca pool) Children: 1-2 year Adult: 10-12 y (2%-4% per year, 700mg/d) After 40y: Ca in the bone decreased by ~1% per year Earlier in females than in males; Most rapidly during first 3 years After menopause; Taller people less rapidly
2. Function of calcium in body 1). Principal component of skeletal tissue Osteoblasts(成) Osteoclasts(破) Bone Ca (miscible Ca pool) Children: 1-2 year Adult: 10-12 y (2%-4% per year, 700mg/d) After 40y: Ca in the bone decreased by ~1% per year Earlier in females than in males; Most rapidly during first 3 years After menopause; Taller people less rapidly
2). Regulating neuromuscular(神经肌肉) excitability, maintaining transmission of nerve impulses (神经冲动) and heart beats. (3) Influencing enzymereaction: Succinodehydrogenase (琥珀酸 脱氢酶). Lipase(脂肪酶), ATPase(三磷酸腺苷酶), proteinase(蛋白酶), (4) Others: hormone secretion, blood coagulation (凝结), acid-base balance, normal colloid(胶体)
2). Regulating neuromuscular(神经肌肉) excitability, maintaining transmission of nerve impulses (神经冲动) and heart beats. (3) Influencing enzymereaction: Succinodehydrogenase (琥珀酸 脱氢酶). Lipase(脂肪酶), ATPase(三磷酸腺苷酶), proteinase(蛋白酶), (4) Others: hormone secretion, blood coagulation (凝结), acid-base balance, normal colloid(胶体)