复旦大学：《集成电路工程》教学资源（硕士士学位论文）功率检测电路设计.pdf

I 目录图目录························································································III 表目录························································································VI 摘要·························································································1 Abstract······················································································3 第一章概述················································································5 1.1 研究背景及意义·································································5 1.2 研究现状··········································································5 1.3 论文主要内容和贡献···························································6 1.4 论文组织结构····································································7 第二章数字自动增益控制简介························································9 2.1 零中频接收机自动增益控制··················································9 2.1.1 自动增益控制基本问题···············································9 2.1.2 零中频接受机自动增益控制方案简介··························· 12 2.2 自动增益控制算法实现······················································ 13 2.3 功率检测电路性能指标······················································ 14 第三章接受信号强度指示电路设计················································ 16 3.1 连续检测结构分析···························································· 16 3.2 增益单元及直流消除电路设计············································· 18 3.3 整流器及补偿电路设计······················································ 27 3.3.1 整流器工作原理······················································ 27 3.3.2 整流器偏差···························································· 29 3.3.3 整流器工艺温度特性················································ 31 3.3.4 工艺和温度补偿······················································ 35 3.3.5 整流器检测范围及拟合············································· 37 3.4 信号特性分析·································································· 39 3.5 电路仿真结果·································································· 40 第四章功率检测电路设计···························································· 45 4.1 电路结构分析·································································· 45 4.2 数字控制放大器设计························································· 46 4.2.1 放大器增益精度······················································ 46 4.2.2 3dB 增益步长························································· 47 4.2.3 频率响应······························································· 49 4.3 整流器设计····································································· 51

II 4.3.1 半波整流器工作原理················································ 51 4.3.2 误差分析······························································· 54 4.3.3 频率特性······························································· 55 4.4 运算求差电路设计及其矫正················································ 55 4.4.1 仪表放大器设计······················································ 55 4.4.2 失调数字矫正························································· 56 4.4.3 数模转换器设计······················································ 57 4.5 信号特性分析·································································· 60 4.6 电路仿真结果·································································· 61 第五章总结与展望····································································· 67 5.1 总结·············································································· 67 5.2 展望·············································································· 67 致谢·························································································· 69 参考文献···················································································· 71

III 图目录图 1-1 低噪声放大器增益控制 ··························································5 图 1-2 连续检测结构框图 ································································6 图 2-1 连续检测结构框图 ································································9 图 2-2 干扰的两种主要情况 ··························································· 10 图 2-3 非线性与噪声特性 ······························································ 11 图 2-4 带内信号功率传输特性 ························································ 12 图 2-5 功率检测电路传输特性曲线 ·················································· 14 图 3-1 接受信号强度指示电路框图 ·················································· 16 图 3-2 限幅器直流传输特性曲线 ····················································· 17 图 3-3 信号强度指示电路传输特性曲线 ············································ 18 图 3-4 比例运算放大器 ································································· 18 图 3-5 折叠二极管负载放大器 ························································ 19 图 3-6 源极退化电阻负载放大器 ····················································· 20 图 3-7 恒定跨导偏置电路 ······························································ 21 图 3-8 典型工艺角仿真结果 ··························································· 22 图 3-9 温度扫描仿真结果 ······························································ 22 图 3-10 直流消除电路原理····························································· 23 图 3-11 低通滤波器和跨导级·························································· 24 图 3-12 电平转换电路··································································· 24 图 3-13 放大器输出失调电压·························································· 25 图 3-14 放大器输出失调电压(消除后)··············································· 25 图 3-15 放大器幅频频率曲线·························································· 26 图 3-16 直流消除环路增益····························································· 26 图 3-17 非平衡源极耦合对全波整流器·············································· 27 图 3-18 非平衡对直流传输曲线······················································· 28 图 3-19 整流器直流传输曲线线性近似·············································· 28 图 3-20 整流器直流传输特性·························································· 29 图 3-21 整流器功率检测特性·························································· 29 图 3-22 传输特性曲线典型变化······················································· 30 图 3-23 输出参考直线··································································· 30 图 3-24 非平衡对直流传输特性曲线················································· 31 图 3-25 比例k 对整流器传输曲线影响·············································· 32

IV 图 3-26 偏置电流产生电路····························································· 33 图 3-27 偏置电流和转换电阻的影响················································· 33 图 3-28 尺寸对传输特性的影响······················································· 34 图 3-29 亚阈值效应影响································································ 35 图 3-30 恒定过驱动电压电路·························································· 36 图 3-31 电流求差电路··································································· 37 图 3-32 整流器曲线拟合································································ 38 图 3-33 整流器输出 VP 曲线 ·························································· 38 图 3-34 RSSI 输出 VP 曲线 ··························································· 39 图 3-35 非线性误差特性································································ 41 图 3-36 RSSI 频率特性································································· 41 图 3-37 参考功率温度特性曲线······················································· 42 图 3-38 补偿后参考功率温度特性曲线·············································· 42 图 3-39 输入参考功率分布····························································· 43 图 3-40 RSSI 时间相应曲线··························································· 44 图 4-1 功率检测电路框图 ······························································ 45 图 4-2 电路工作原理示意图 ··························································· 46 图 4-3 可编程增益放大器 ······························································ 46 图 4-4 放大器增益温度特性 ··························································· 47 图 4-5 可编程放大器增益步长 ························································ 49 图 4-6 共源共栅放大器寄生模型 ····················································· 49 图 4-7 等效电路图 ······································································· 50 图 4-8 放大器后仿幅频响应 ··························································· 50 图 4-9 半波整流器 ······································································· 51 图 4-10 半波整流过程··································································· 52 图 4-11 半波整流响应曲线····························································· 53 图 4-12 PWD 实际 VP 曲线 ··························································· 53 图 4-13 过驱动电压差值补偿·························································· 54 图 4-14 V 温度变化特 ································································ 54 图 4-15 仪表放大器······································································ 56 图 4-16 电流型数模转换器(6bit)······················································ 58 图 4-17 DAC 微分非线性······························································ 59 图 4-18 DNL 分布情况·································································· 60 图 4-19 功率检测器 VP 曲线 ·························································· 61 图 4-20 PWD 频率特性································································· 62 图 4-21 参考功率温度特性曲线······················································· 62