◆ Human chromosomes 3 4 5 = 9 10 11 13 14 15 15 17 10 双 电 21 6
6 Human chromosomes
A global view ofour genome EVELYN FOX KELLER of the bene 基因世纪
7 A global view of our genome 基因世纪
2 Gene Concepts from the traditional genetics Gene is the structural and functional unit that control the traits of organisms. In molecular biology term: Gene is the specific DNA fragment that carries certain genetic information it can be transcribed into RNA or translated into functional peptides. 8
8 2 Gene • Concepts from the traditional genetics： • In molecular biology term: Gene is the structural and functional unit that control the traits of organisms. Gene is the specific DNA fragment that carries certain genetic information，it can be transcribed into RNA or translated into functional peptides
·New concepts: A gene is the complete,essential nucleotide sequence that synthesized the functional peptides or RNA. The nucleotide sequence encoding protein or Gene RNA The regulatory sequences guarantee the transcription 5'un-translated region Non-coding intron region 3'un-translated region 9
9 • New concepts： A gene is the complete, essential nucleotide sequence that synthesized the functional peptides or RNA. The nucleotide sequence encoding protein or RNA The regulatory sequences guarantee the transcription Gene 5’ un-translated region intron 3’ un-translated region Non-coding region
Structure of a Gene Exon 1 Exon 2 Exon 3 Exon 4 Promoter Intron 1 Intron 2 Intron 3 Gene (DNA) Transcription Primary transcript(RNA) Splicing Mature transcript(mRNA) Protein synthesis Protein 0309000 Wellcome Trust 10
10