Drugs for treatment of espiratory diseases Huifang Tang Department of pharmacology Zhejiang University, school of medicine
Drugs for treatment of respiratory diseases Huifang Tang Department of pharmacology Zhejiang University, school of medicine tanghuifang@zju.edu.cn
asbestos arlous diseases of Alveoli fill with thick fluid making gas exchange difficult. r respirator system up in lungs, reducing theirs Fibrous connective tissue bu elasticity. Common sympToms Cou sputum Tubercles encapsulate bacteria, and wheezin mucus Alveoli burst and fuse into e inflamed du enlarged air spaces, Surface area acute)or due to an for gas exchange is reduced Asthma irritant(chronic). Coughing brings Airways are inflamed due to up mucus and pus imitation, and bronchioles constrict
Various diseases of respiratory system Common symptoms: cough sputum wheezing
Classification of drugs acting on respiratory system I. Antitussive drugs: 1. Centrally acting: Codeine Peripherally acting: Benzonatate Ⅱ. Mucoactive drugs: Expectorants: Guaifenesin M ucorequlators: Carbocysteine 3. Mucolytics: N-Acetylcysteine 4. Mucokinetic drugs: Ambroxol Il. Antiasthmatic drugs Bronchi ial dilator receptor agonists: Salbuterol eo skylines: Amino ne muscarinic antagonists: Ipratropine Anti-inflammatory drugs sonde isodium cromoglycate
Ⅰ. Antitussive drugs: 1. Centrally acting: Codeine 2. Peripherally acting: Benzonatate Ⅱ. Mucoactive drugs : 1. Expectorants: Guaifenesin 2. Mucoregulators:Carbocysteine 3. Mucolytics: N-Acetylcysteine 4. Mucokinetic drugs: Ambroxol Ⅲ. Antiasthmatic drugs: 1. Bronchial dilators (1) receptor agonists: Salbuterol (2)theophyllines: Aminophylline (3)muscarinic antagonists: Ipratropine 2. Anti-inflammatory drugs (1)glucocorticosteroids: Budesonide (2)mediator release inhibitors: Disodium cromoglycate Classification of drugs acting on respiratory system
A. Antitussives 物理、 感受器(刺激感受器、牵张感 化学一→受器等) 刺激 传入神经(迷走、喉上神经) 咳嗽中枢(延髓) 传出神经(迷走、喉返、膈神经) 效应器(声门、 咳嗽反射 呼气肌) 咳嗽反射示意图
物 理 、 化学 刺激 感受器（刺激感受器、牵张感 受器等） 传入神经（迷走、喉上神经） 咳嗽中枢（延髓） 传出神经（迷走、喉返、膈神经） 效应器（声门、 呼气肌） 咳嗽反射 咳嗽反射示意图 A. Antitussives
Likely Etiologies of Cough Based on Duration Acute(<3 weeks) Acute viral upper respiratory tract infection(common cold Subacute (3-8 weeks) Post-viral(post-infectious Bordetella pertussis(whooping cough) Chronic(8 weeks )* Upper airway cough syndrome(postnasal drip syndrome; rhinitis Conditions associated with eosinophilic airway inflammation Asthma Non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) Acid reflux Non-acid, or weakly-acid, reflux Occupational/ Environmental Unexplained in patients who are not smokers, have no active pulmonary disease evident on radiographic imaging, and not currently receiving angiotensin converting-enzyme(ACE)inhibitors Current Opinion in Pharmacology Clinical perspective cough an unmet need. t)in Phhendbbl2015Tun: 22: 24-8
Clinical perspective - cough: an unmet need. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2015 Jun;22:24-8