函数型实验自的在于探明实验条件和心理或行为之间函数关系的实验,即其实验目的在于追求各种实验条件是怎样规定心理或行为的“怎样型实验”2026/3/20
2026/3/20 6 函数型实验 ◼ 目的在于探明实验条件和心理或行为之 间函数关系的实验,即其实验目的在于 追求各种实验条件是怎样规定心理或行 为的“怎样型实验
二者的关系第一阶段第二阶段因素型实验函数型实验(要因探索)(超势探索)2026/3/20
2026/3/20 7 二者的关系 ◼ ◼ 第一阶段 第二阶段 ◼因素型实验 函数型实验 ◼ (要因探索) (趋势探索)
(二)实验设计的分类1心理实验设计的宏观分类真实验设计,准实验设计,非实验设计真实验设计:通常所说的实验设计,是以数理统计为基础,其特征在于对影响内部效度的无关变量采取了严格的控制,能有效地控制研究中自变量的不同取值和因变量的指标,以及被试的分配情况,并可应用统计方法分析实验结果。优点:条件控制严密;局限:自然性差,人为性强,生态效度低
(二)实验设计的分类 1 心理实验设计的宏观分类 真实验设计,准实验设计,非实验设计 真实验设计:通常所说的实验设计, 是以数理统计为基 础,其特征在于对影响内部效度的无关变量采取了 严格的控制,能有效地控制研究中自变量的不同取 值和因变量的指标,以及被试的分配情况,并可应 用统计方法分析实验结果。 优点:条件控制严密; 局限:自然性差,人为性强,生态效度低
Identify Key ExperimentalFeaturesSocial loafing refers to people's tendency to slackon group tasks. In one study on social loafingcollege participants cheered alone, and in groupsof 2, 4, or 6 ppl. They were told to cheer as loud aspossible at specific times so researchers coulddetermine how much noise people made in socialsettings. The amount of noise made by eachparticipant dropped as group size increased
Identify Key Experimental Features ◼ Social loafing refers to people’s tendency to slack on group tasks. In one study on social loafing college participants cheered alone, and in groups of 2, 4, or 6 ppl. They were told to cheer as loud as possible at specific times so researchers could determine how much noise people made in social settings. The amount of noise made by each participant dropped as group size increased
1)Whatis the IV?2) Whatis the DV?3) Why is random assignment importanthere?
◼ 1) What is the IV? ◼ 2) What is the DV? ◼ 3) Why is random assignment important here?