而按APA的规范则没有必要在括号夹注中重复作者的姓,如 APA Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing(1990 ). 如果作者的姓氏和文献出版年份均已在正文同一句中出现,按APA的规范不需使用括号夹 APA In a 1990 article, Tay lor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing. 在英文撰写的论文中引用中文著作或者期刊,括号夹注中只需用汉语拼音标明作者的姓 氏,不得使用汉字,如: MLA:(Zhu 12) APA:(Zhang, 2005) 324引用文献中具体观点或文字 引用文献中某一具体观点或文字时必须注明该观点或者该段文字出现的页码,没有页码 是文献引用不规范的表现。若作者的姓氏已在正文同一句中出现,则不需要在括号夹注中重 复 325引用多位作者写作的同一文獻 MLA(二至三位作者): Among intentional spoonerisms, the"punlike metathesis of distinctive features may serve to weld together words etymologically unrelated but close in their sound and meaning"(Jakobson and Waugh 304) (如果有三位作者,在括号夹注中应用逗号分隔他们的姓氏,如:(Aton, Davies, and Rice56)。) The study was extended for two years, and only after results were reviewed by an independent panel did the researchers publish their findings(Blaine et al. 35) APA(两位作者 Research(Yamada& Matsuura, 1982)reports the poor performance of advanced English learners who could use English articles corectly only in 70 percent of the cases 注意两种规范的括号夹注中分别使用“and与“&
6 6 而按 APA 的规范则没有必要在括号夹注中重复作者的姓，如： APA： Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (1990). 如果作者的姓氏和文献出版年份均已在正文同一句中出现，按 APA 的规范不需使用括号夹 注，如： APA： In a 1990 article, Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing. 在英文撰写的论文中引用中文著作或者期刊，括号夹注中只需用汉语拼音标明作者的姓 氏，不得使用汉字，如： MLA： (Zhu 12) APA： (Zhang, 2005) 3.2.4 引用文献中具体观点或文字 引用文献中某一具体观点或文字时必须注明该观点或者该段文字出现的页码，没有页码 是文献引用不规范的表现。若作者的姓氏已在正文同一句中出现，则不需要在括号夹注中重 复。 3.2.5 引用多位作者写作的同一文献 MLA（二至三位作者）： Among intentional spoonerisms, the “punlike metathesis of distinctive features may serve to weld together words etymologically unrelated but close in their sound and meaning” (Jakobson and Waugh 304). （如果有三位作者，在括号夹注中应用逗号分隔他们的姓氏，如：(Alton, Davies, and Rice 56)。） MLA： The study was extended for two years, and only after results were reviewed by an independent panel did the researchers publish their findings (Blaine et al. 35). APA（两位作者）： Research (Yamada & Matsuura, 1982) reports the poor performance of advanced English learners who could use English articles correctly only in 70 percent of the cases. 注意两种规范的括号夹注中分别使用“and”与“&
APA(三至五位作者) 第一次引用 According to educational psychologists, raising children is a responsibility of the entire community(Franklin, Childs, Smith, 1995) 以后的引用 To be successful, "communities must be willing to take this responsibility Franklin et al., 1995, p. 135). APA(五位以上的作者) Patterns of byzantine intrigue have long plagued the internal politics of community college administration in Texas(Douglas et al., 2003) 326引用同样姓氏的不同作者 假若两个或两个以上的作者有同样的姓氏,则括号夹注中应同时使用他们名字的首字 母,如 Although some medical ethicists claim that cloning will lead to designer children(r. miller 12), others note that the advantages for medical research outweigh this consideration(A Miller 46) APA: Well-established SLA researchers(e.,R. Ellis, 2002)seem rather skeptical of the assertion that repetition alone explains the development of the knowledge of a second language(N. Ellis, 2002) 引用中文著作或期刊时同姓作者的情况较多,应在括号夹注中使用他们名字的首字母加 以区分,如: MLA:(S.R. Wang 26)(JX Wang 30) APA: (W.Y. Wang, 2003)(L.F. Wang, 2003, P. 213) 327引用团体作者( corporate author) 引用团体作者的作品,括号夹注中应使用团体的名称,如: MLA It was apparent that the american health care system needed "to be fixed and perhaps radically modified"( Public Agenda Foundation 4) APA
7 7 APA（三至五位作者） 第一次引用： According to educational psychologists, raising children is a responsibility of the entire community (Franklin, Childs, & Smith, 1995). 以后的引用： To be successful, “communities must be willing to take this responsibility” (Franklin et al., 1995, p. 135). APA（五位以上的作者）： Patterns of byzantine intrigue have long plagued the internal politics of community college administration in Texas (Douglas et al., 2003) 3.2.6 引用同样姓氏的不同作者 假若两个或两个以上的作者有同样的姓氏，则括号夹注中应同时使用他们名字的首字 母，如： MLA： Although some medical ethicists claim that cloning will lead to designer children (R. Miller 12), others note that the advantages for medical research outweigh this consideration (A. Miller 46). APA： Well-established SLA researchers (e.g., R. Ellis, 2002) seem rather skeptical of the assertion that repetition alone explains the development of the knowledge of a second language (N. Ellis, 2002). 引用中文著作或期刊时同姓作者的情况较多，应在括号夹注中使用他们名字的首字母加 以区分，如： MLA： (S.R. Wang 26) (J.X. Wang 30) APA： (W.Y. Wang, 2003) (L.F. Wang, 2003, p. 213) 3.2.7 引用团体作者（corporate author） 引用团体作者的作品，括号夹注中应使用团体的名称，如： MLA： It was apparent that the American health care system needed “to be fixed and perhaps radically modified” (Public Agenda Foundation 4). APA：