14 The elements of carbon family 14.1 Outline on carbon family 14.2 The elemental substances of carbon family -14.3 The compounds of carbon 14.4 The compounds of silicon 14.5 The compounds of tin and lead
§ 14 The elements of carbon family 14.5 The compounds of tin and lead 14.4 The compounds of silicon 14.3 The compounds of carbon 14.2 The elemental substances of carbon family 14.1 Outline on carbon family
14.1 The elements of carbon family Carbon family(IVA):C,Si,Ge,Sn,Pb Valence electron configuration:ns2np2 C Si Ge Sn Pb -4 oxidation +2 +4 (+2) +2 +2 number +4 +4 +4 (+4) maximum 4 6 6 6 6 coordination number elemental substances metallic crystal can form atomic crystal
14.1 The elements of carbon family Valence electron configuration：ns 2np 2 C Si Ge Sn Pb -4 +2 +4 (+2) +2 +2 +4 +4 +4 (+4) 4 6 6 6 6 oxidation number maximum coordination number elemental substances can form atomic crystal metallic crystal Carbon family(IVA)：C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
The existence of carbon family elements: Carbon:diamond、graphite;coal、petroleum、 natural gas;carbonate;CO2 Silicon:SiO2 and silicate Germanium:argyrodite(疏银锗矿)4AgzS.GeS2 疏铅锗矿2PbS·GeS2。 Tin:cassiterite(锡石)SnO2。 Lead:galena(方铅矿)PbS,cerusite(白铅矿)，PbCO3 o
The existence of carbon family elements： Carbon：diamond、graphite；coal、petroleum、 natural gas；carbonate； CO2 Silicon：SiO2 and silicate Germanium: argyrodite (硫银锗矿) 4Ag2S•GeS2 硫铅锗矿2PbS • GeS2 。 Tin：cassiterite (锡石) SnO2 。 Lead: galena (方铅矿) PbS, cerusite (白铅矿), PbCO3
锡石Sn02 方铅矿PbS
锡石SnO2 方铅矿 PbS
14.2 The elemental substances of carbon family The allotropes of carbon in elementary form: (同素异形体) diamond:原子晶体，硬度最大，熔点最高 graphite:层状晶体，质软，有金属光泽 fullerenes:C60,C7o etc. C60是1985年用激光轰击石墨作碳的气化实验 时发现的。 C tubes: Graphene ●。000 碳纤维
The allotropes of carbon in elementary form： •diamond：原子晶体,硬度最大, 熔点最高。 •graphite：层状晶体 ，质软，有金属光泽。 •fullerenes： C60， C70 etc. C60 是1985年用激光轰击石墨作碳的气化实验 时发现的。 •C tubes: •Graphene •。。。。 碳纤维 (同素异形体) 14.2 The elemental substances of carbon family