Treatment Tetracyclines, Rifampicin or ampicillin Symptomatic relief may occur within a few days after treatment however because of their intracellular location treatment must be prolonged Combined treatment with a tetracycline and either streptomycin for 2-3 weeks or rifampin for 6 weeks is recommended
Treatment • Tetracyclines, Rifampicin or ampicillin • Symptomatic relief may occur within a few days after treatment. However, because of their intracellular location, treatment must be prolonged. • Combined treatment with a tetracycline and either streptomycin for 2-3 weeks or rifampin for 6 weeks is recommended
Yersinia pestis Y. pestis, has a rodent reservoir The rodents fleas such as the oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis acquire Y pestis from a meal of infected blood and transmit the bacterium primarily to other rodents or to humans, causing bubonic plague in peopl Human-to-human transmission can Rat infected with Yersinia pestis N also take place, through the human flea Pulex irritans RURAL Bubonic Pneumonic plague is less frequent Bubonic but even more severe. it is Pneumon URBAN transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets,or even by artificially generated Natur413,467-470 aerosols, containing Y. pestis
Yersinia pestis • Y. pestis, has a rodent reservoir. The rodents' fleas, such as the oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis, acquire Y. pestis from a meal of infected blood, and transmit the bacterium primarily to other rodents or to humans, causing bubonic plague in people. • Human-to-human transmission can also take place, through the human flea Pulex irritans. • Pneumonic plague is less frequent but even more severe; it is transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets, or even by artificially generated aerosols, containing Y. pestis. © Nature 413, 467-470
Y. pestis and plaque Plaque is an infection of wild rodents, transmitted from one rodent to another and occasionally from rodents to humans by the bites of fleas the pandemics of black death? with millions of fatalities The ability of this organism to be transmitted by aerosol and the severity and high mortality associated with pneumonic plaque, make Y pestis a potential biological weapon
Y. pestis and plaque • Plaque is an infection of wild rodents, transmitted from one rodent to another and occasionally from rodents to humans by the bites of fleas. • the pandemics of “black death” with millions of fatalities • The ability of this organism to be transmitted by aerosol, and the severity and high mortality associated with pneumonic plaque, make Y. pestis a potential biological weapon
Biological traits 1.G short ro capsule facultative anaerobe, bipolar Staining: retaining stain at the ends of cells 2. Turbidity and preciptation during cultivation 它2 3 Weak resistance to harsh environment
Biological traits 1 . G － short rod, capsule, facultative anaerobe, bipolar Staining: retaining stain at the ends of cells. 2 . Turbidity and preciptation during cultivation 3 . Weak resistance to harsh environment
Yersinia: antigenic structure FI Antigen: capsule antigen V, WAntigen: anti-phagcytosis Yersinia Outer membrane Protein (Yop) Murine Toxin (Mt), good antigenicity, could be used to prepare toxoid and to immunize animals to get antI-toxin Endotoxin (LPs)
Yersinia: antigenic structure • F1 Antigen: capsule antigen • V,W Antigen: anti-phagcytosis • Yersinia Outer membrane Protein (Yop) • Murine Toxin (MT), good antigenicity, could be used to prepare toxoid, and to immunize animals to get anti-toxin • Endotoxin (LPS)