amylose CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH H H OH OH OH OH OH CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH Q 0日 OH 0 OH
amylose
Cellulose CH2OH OH CH2OH OH OH CH,OH OH CH,OH
Cellulose
Characteristic of monosaccharides CHO CHO CHO CHO H -0H HO-H H-OH HO- -H H -OH H-OH HO-H HO- -H Another characteristic of H -OH H-OH H-OH H-OH monosaccharides is that H-OH H-OH H-OH H -OH they can act as mild CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH reducing agents.This is CH2OH because the aldehydo group Allose Altrose Glucose Mannose 0 that is present can be HO- H oxidized to form a CHO CHO CHO CHO H-OH carboxylic acid group,or in H-OH HO-H H-OH HO-H H-OH the presence of a base,a H-OH H-OH HO-H HO-H CH2OH carboxylate ion group. HO-H HO-H HO-H HO-H fructose H-OH H-OH H-OH H-OH (a ketohexose) CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH gulose innose galactose talose Each of these aldohexoses is a diastereomer of each of the others Each is a D-aldohexose (the OH on the bottom chiral carbon is to the right Each hasamir mage which is itsrad isLadohexe. The mimor images have the OH on the bottom chical carbon to the left- draw them and see.)
• Characteristic of monosaccharides Another characteristic of monosaccharides is that they can act as mild reducing agents. This is because the aldehydo group that is present can be oxidized to form a carboxylic acid group, or in the presence of a base, a carboxylate ion group
Fructose can also act as a reducing sugar,even though it has a ketone group instead of an aldehyde group CH2OH CHO Under basic conditions,the =0 H -OH fructose molecules can, HO -H HO- -H essentially,have the -OH location of the carbonyl H H-OH H OH bond switched to convert H-OH CH2OH them into a glucose CH2OH fructose molecule. (a ketohexose) Glucose This occurs in a number of steps involving removing hydrogens from the #1-C and its oxygen and moving them to the #2-C and its oxygen
• Fructose can also act as a reducing sugar, even though it has a ketone group instead of an aldehyde group. • Under basic conditions, the fructose molecules can, essentially, have the location of the carbonyl bond switched to convert them into a glucose molecule. • This occurs in a number of steps involving removing hydrogens from the #1-C and its oxygen and moving them to the #2-C and its oxygen
any monosaccharide molecule that's in a ring form will,within a fraction of a second,be in the open form and, oFEn thus,be able to react with the oxidizing agent and reduce it. Equilibrium of Ring form and open form not reducing sugars reducing sugars
any monosaccharide molecule that's in a ring form will, within a fraction of a second, be in the open form and, thus, be able to react with the oxidizing agent and reduce it. Equilibrium of Ring form and open form not reducing sugars reducing sugars