Chapter 4Chemical Fibers
Chapter 4 Chemical Fibers
Contents.3.1 What's Fiber3.2Historyofchemical fibers: 3.3 The classification of chemical fibers:3.4 Basic structure and properties3.5Manufacturingtechnology: 3.6 Fiber products and their applications. 3.7 Fibers and the environment
Contents • 3.1 What’s Fiber • 3.2 History of chemical fibers • 3.3 The classification of chemical fibers • 3.4 Basic structure and properties • 3.5 Manufacturing technology • 3.6 Fiber products and their applications • 3.7 Fibers and the environment
What'sfiberWhat'sfibers-definition1. Soft and flexible, slim and long substance2. A natural or man-made substance having a length atleast 100 times its diameter3. Is capable of being spun into a yarn or made directlyinto afabric.4.Chemical fibers are polymers
What’s fiber • What’s fibers - definition 1. Soft and flexible, slim and long substance 2. A natural or man-made substance having a length at least 100 times its diameter 3. Is capable of being spun into a yarn or made directly into a fabric. 4. Chemical fibers are polymers
What'sfiberLength (staple 25~48mmfilament>1000m)Diameter(0.1um~100μum)FLAXWwOOLCOTTONSILKMICROFIBER
What’s fiber • Length (staple 25~48mm, filament > 1000m) • Diameter (0.1 m~100 m)
What'sfiber.Property requirements for Fibers>Hightensilestrength (tenacity)Pliablebutlowelongation>Abrasion resistant>High melting point (esp.forclothing)Tm>200C(ironwithoutdamage)but<300Ctoenable spinning from meltTg<100°Csofibers softenwhenironedat150°C·Creases（折痕)removedPolymerTg (°C)Tm(°C)PET7026560265Nylon 6,6105PAN320-5PP165
What’s fiber • Property requirements for Fibers ➢High tensile strength (tenacity) ➢Pliable but low elongation ➢Abrasion resistant ➢High melting point (esp. for clothing) T m > 200 oC (iron without damage) but < 300 oC to enable spinning from melt T g < 100 oC so fibers soften when ironed at 150 oC • Creases (折痕)removed Polymer Tg ( oC) Tm ( oC) PET 70 265 Nylon 6,6 60 265 PAN 105 320 PP -5 165