2.3 Thermosetting plastics
2.3 Thermosetting plastics
General characteristicsHigh strength Low elongation High heat resistance High chemical resistance
• High strength • Low elongation • High heat resistance • High chemical resistance General characteristics
Table 1. Typical range of mechanical properties ofthermosetting plastics (filled or reinforced)TharmosettingFlexuralTensileElongationTensileCompressiveStrength/%Modulus,YieldMaterialsStrength,/MPa/MPa/MPastrength/MPa一470--70--20021880180--280Epoxy (molding420coumpound)5600--70--0.5--5100--350Unsaturated30--35050032400Polyester1350036--84Phenolics (cast-30--7070--230Resin)Urea-7200-70--40--1000.5--1180--35012010000formadehyde(moldingcompound)0.30.965--36--958000--150--320Melamine-16520000Formaldehyde
Thermosetting Materials Tensile Strength /MPa Elongation /% Tensile Modulus, /MPa Compressive Strength, /MPa Flexural Yield strength /MPa Epoxy (molding coumpound) 70-200 4 21880 180-280 70- 420 Unsaturated Polyester 30-350 0.5-5 5600- 32400 100-350 70- 500 Phenolics (castResin) 30-70 13500 70-230 36-84 Ureaformadehyde （molding compound) 40-100 0.5-1 7200- 10000 180-350 70- 120 MelamineFormaldehyde 36-95 0.3—0.9 8000- 20000 150-320 65- 165 Table 1. Typical range of mechanical properties of thermosetting plastics (filled or reinforced)
Table2.Generalof propertiesof commercialthermosettingplastics(filledorreinforced)ThermosettingCoeff. ofResistanceWaterBurningRateMaterialThermoexp.to heat ℃absorption%10-5/℃(mm/min)EP0.3—1.40.05—0.2Self-ext150--260UP15500.3—1.4150--1800.01-1.0PF0.9—1.480--1500.12—0.36NegotiableUFSelf-ext0.6--1100-2100.40.8MF0.4—1.3Self-ext or100-2100.080.8no burning0.4—1.60.050.5Alkyd(醇酸树脂）Self-ext or150--240no burning
Thermosetting Material Burning Rate (mm/min) Coeff. of Thermo exp. 10-5 /℃ Resistance to heat ℃ Water absorption % EP Self-ext 0.3—1.4 150-260 0.05—0.2 UP 15—50 0.3—1.4 150-180 0.01-1.0 PF Negotiable 0.9—1.4 80-150 0.12—0.36 UF Self-ext 0.6-1 100-210 0.4—0.8 MF Self-ext or no burning 0.4—1.3 100-210 0.08—0.8 Alkyd(醇酸树脂） Self-ext or no burning 0.4—1.6 150-240 0.05—0.5 Table 2. General of properties of commercial thermosetting plastics（filled or reinforced）
Table 3.List of thermosetting plastics,properties and usesUsesThermosettingPropertiesplasticsMelamineStrong hard and heatPlastictableware,kitchenformaldehyderesistantworkshopPhenolHardand brittleCookwarehandleformaldehydeUreaElectrical fittingsTough, attractiveStrong whenPolyester resinCar bodies, boat hulls,reinforcedwithGFmolding such as bathsEpoxyAdhesives, castingTough and strongstructuralcomponents,coatings,laminating,and"potting"(encapsulationofotherpartswithinplastic)
Thermosetting plastics Properties Uses Melamine formaldehyde Strong hard and heat resistant Plastic tableware, kitchen workshop Phenol formaldehyde Hard and brittle Cookware handle Urea Tough, attractive Electrical fittings Polyester resin Strong when reinforced with GF Car bodies, boat hulls, molding such as baths Epoxy Tough and strong Adhesives, casting structural components, coatings, laminating, and "potting"(encapsulation of other parts within plastic). Table 3. List of thermosetting plastics, properties and uses