[设题要点]结尾问答处(Infact...Forexample...Wehavethem,yet...)。[答案精析]B。第8段女士指出我们当前有太多的数据存放在电脑里,没人有时间去看和分析这些教据,这隐含了女士“当前需要充分利用现有数据”的观点,故B正确。A、C均由科研突破的常规思路主观腹测而来,原文并未提及。D利用第8段computers设置干扰,但它指向的是“太多数据存储于电脑中未被利用”,重在强调“数据的充分利用”而非“计算机的利用”。四、全文翻译男:您是牛津大学的物理学教投,担任着欧洲核子研究中心的高级顾问,似乎还在世界各地不知疲倦地做演讲。此外,您每周还有自己的科普电视节目。您怎么会有这么多精力呢?女:呢,唔,我真的热爱我所做的一切。能过这样的生活,做我热爱做的事,我非常幸运。男:教授,您的目标到底是什么?您为什么要做这些事情?女:嗯,正如你所说,我确实在做很多不同的事情。但我认为,这些事情可以分为两类,科学教育和对科学的进一步了解。男:这两件事难道不会互相妨碍吗?我的意思是,讲课不会占用做实验的时间吗?女:不会的,不会。我喜欢教学,我不介意现在比过去花更多的时间去做这件事。另外,我想说的是,教授一门学科有助于我更好地理解这门学科。我发现,当我不得不解释清楚某事物、帮助别人理解它、回答关于它的问题时,教学能帮我进一步加深对它的理解。高阶段的教学对任何人来讲都是非常具有启发性的,不论他们在自己所教投的领域已有多少专业知识。男:您认为近期会有什么科学突破吗?或者说我们很快就能盼来的重大发现或发明?女:全世界一直都在开展科学研究,新事物不断地被发现。事实上,我们当前有太多的数据存放在电脑里。例如,我们有成千上万张用望远镜拍摄的火星照片,却没人看过它们。我们有这些照片,却没人有时间去看一眼,更不用说去分析它们了。Conversation Two 梦一、听前预测5. A) They can predict future events6. A) It was canceled due to bad weather.B) They have no special meanings.B) She overslept and missed the flight.C) They have cultural connotationsC) She dreamed of a plane crash.D) They cannot be easily explained.D) It was postponed to the following day.7.A)They can be affected by people's childhood experiences.8. A) They call for scientific methods to interpret.B) They mirror their long-cherished wishes.B) They may sometimes seem ridiculous to a rational mind.C) They usually result from people's unpleasant memories.C) They reflect their complicated emotions.D) They can have an impact as great as rational thinkingD) They are often related to irrational feelings【看选项关键词预测问题]5.A,C、D提示They为具有特殊意义的抽象事物,B则与此相反,表明They不具有特殊含义。综上推测本题间及讲话人(可能一方,也可能双方)对某事物含义的判断6.A、D均涉及某活动(It)未能正常进行的原因,B、C分别指出某女士(she)“因睡过头误机“和“梦到飞机失事”。综合推测本题问及某女士(可能是对话中的女士一方,也可能是对话中提及的某位女士)未能照常登机的原因,A、D中It极可能指"航班(flight)”。7.A,C提示They与“过去的经历"存在因果关系,B、D提示They与“理性思维”相对。综合推测They为“情感等非理智行为或“无意识行为”,本题询问其相关信息。8.B、C、D均提示They与“非理性的内心活动”有关,且B、C又进一步提示They与“情感”和“愿望”不同,但拥有与二者相似的特征,A则指出They有待科学解释,因此推测They为“某种无意识的活动”,题自询问其相关信息看选项复现词预测主题5、7、8题均涉及与人密切相关的、与“理性思维”相对的某种事物,可推测本篇对话主题涉及“情感等非理性活动”或/和“(某种)无意识活动”。此外,结合5题所涉及的“对其理解存在争议、可以预测未来”、6题出现的“梦(dreamed)”以及8题所提示的“某种无意识活动、有待科学解释”等,可大胆推测本篇对话主题为“梦境”。6第6/56页
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二、录音分析I-M,Do you think dreams have special meanings?2-W.No,I don't think they do.3-M:I don't either. But some people do. I would say people who believe that dreams have specialmeanings are superstitious, especially nowadays,In the past, during the times of ancient Egypt.Greece or China. people used to believe that dreams could foresee the future. But today. with allthe scientific knowledge that we have, Ithink it's much harder to believe in these sorts of things.引入话题“梦境”介绍讲话人对梦的含义的看法。话语标记词:Doyouthink...No...But...Iwouldsay...In the past... But today...I think...。核心语义词:dreams have special meanings.I don't think theydo,I don't either,people who believe.aresuperstitious,especiallynowadays,peopleused tobelievedreamscould foreseethefuture,much harder to believe..,things。1段男士询问女士是否相信梦有特殊含义。dreams重读,提示对话主题:meanings语调上扬,提示询问“女士是否认为梦具有特殊含义”。2段女士作出否定回答:不相信。No,Idon't...do音调逐渐下降,表示女士对男士所提问题的态度明确:不相信梦有任何特殊意义3段男士作出回应,并介绍他对这一问题的具体看法。don'teither重读,语气肯定,表示男士也与女士一样,不相信梦有特殊含义。some peopledo语调先升后降,do拖音重读,强调仍有一些人相信梦有特殊含义。Iwouldsay语调上扬,提示将提出新观点:say后语速放缓,强调男士认为现如今仍相信梦有特殊含义的人颇为迷信。Inthepast语调上杨,usedtobelieve重读,提示将讲述“过去”的情况,dreams开始语速放缓,foreseethe future一字一顿,强调指出过去人们对梦境之含义的看法:可以预见未来。Buttoday重读,提示话题回到“现在”;all拖音重读后放缓语速,harder、believe、these重读,强调指出现代人拥有着众多科学知识,因此很难相信梦和未来有任何可靠的联系。4-W: My grandmother is superstitious, and she thinks dreams can predict the future. Once she dreamedthat the flight she was due to take the following day crashed. Can you guess what she did? She didn'ttake that flight. She didn't even bother to go to the airport the following day. Instead, she took the sameflight but a weck later. And everything was fine, of course.No plane ever crashed.女士讲述其祖母迷信"梦能预知未来"的事例。话语标记词:Mygrandmother..Onceshe...Canyouguesswhat shedid...She...She..even...Instead,she...And...of course。核心语义词:superstitious.shethinks dreams.., future,dreamed that...crashed,didn't take that flight,(not) bother to.+.day,took the sameflight...later,everything was fine,No plane ever crashed.grandmother、superstitious重读,强调祖母“很迷信”;she拖音,dreams重读后放缓语速,强调祖母令人吃惊的想法:梦可以预见未来。Once后微顿,提示将讲述祖母过去某一次的经历,that后语速放缓,crashed重读,强调祖母梦境的内容。Can.:did语速加快,语调上扬,语调中透露出惊访,凸显祖母梦醒后的做法出人意料。She.t,flight一宇一顿,明确祖母的做法:未赴航班:didnteven重读后语速放缓,theairport重读,强调祖母的极端做法:做了坠机垂梦之后连机场都不去。Instead拖音重读,sameflightwcek later重读,强调祖母改乘了一周后的同一航班。And后微顿,提示将介绍祖母故事的后续;fine、of course重读,No..+crashed一字顿,强调祖母没有赶赴的那趟航班并未出事5-M:Howfunny!Did youknowthatflying isactually saferthan any othermode of transport?Itsbeenstatisticallyproven.Peoplecanbeso irrational sometimes.6-W:Yes, absolutely. But even if we think they are ridiculous, E emotions can be just as powerful asrational thinking.探讨非理性的心理活动对人行为的影响。话语标记词:Howfunny!Did youknowthat...Peoplecanbe.,Yes, absolutely...But even if...核心语义词:flying is actually safer than...transport,It's been statisticallyproven.so irrational sometimes,we think...ridiculous,emotions,..as powerful as rational thinking.7第7/56页
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5段介绍男士对女士所述故事的评论:祖母的做法非常荒谬,但人们确实常会如此。know后语速放缓,提示将提出一个事实;flying、safer重读,any...transport一字一顿,强调事实“飞机是非常安全的交道工具”。statisticallyproven一字一顿,强调上述事实已经数据证明。People..,irrationalsometimes一字一顿,强调人们有时竞然会像女士的祖母一样荒唐。6段介绍女士的回应,指出情感和理性思维一样影响人们的行为。But后微额,提示转折:we、ridiculous重读,emotions、powerful、rational thinking重读,强调指出即便我们不理解有些人荒谬的、不理性的做法,但事实是非理性的情感和理性的思考对人的影响一样强大。7-M:Exactly. People do all sorts of crazy things because of their irrational feelings. But in fact, somepsychologists believe that our dreams are the result of our emotions and memories from that day.lthink it was Sigmund Freud who said that children's dreams were usually simple representations oftheir wishes, things they wished would happen. But in adults,dreams are much morecomplicated reflections of theirmore sophisticated sentiments.8-W:Isn't it interesting how psychologists try to understand using the scientific method something asbizarre as dreams? Psychology is like the rational study of irrational feelings.探讨心理学家对梦的缘起的研究。话语标记词:Exactly...Butinfactsomepsychologistsbelieve...Ithink it was Sigmund Freudwho said that...But in adults...Isn'tit interesting how...。核心语义词:Peopledo all sorts of crazy things because of...irrational feelings,dreams. ..result of...emotions and memories fromthat day.children's dreams... simple representations of their wishes,in adults.., complicated reflections of...sentiments.psychologists try to understand...dreams,Psychology...rational study of irrational feelings.7段男士介绍心理学家对梦的解释。allsortsof crazythings、irrationalfeelings一字一,强调人们会在非理性情感的刺激下做出各种各样的不理智行为。But in fact重读,提示将介绍一项新的事实。somepsychologists开始放缓语速,dreams、result.emotions、memories重读,强调指出心理学家对梦的解释:来自当天的情感和记忆。SigmundFreud重读,提示下述内容将引述弗洛伊德的观点,children重读,提示首先讲述的是“儿童的梦境”;usually重读后微顿,simple...wishes一字一顿,指出儿童的梦境是其愿望的直接展现;things..happen一字一领,解释说明“愿望(wishes)”。adults重读,complicatedreflections重读后微频,moresophisticated sentiments一字一顿,指出成年人的梦境更为复杂。8段女士谈及对心理学家解梦的看法。interesting拖音重读,how微顿,提示将讲述让女士觉得“有趣”的事件;try、understand、using、scientificmethod、bizarre、dreams重读,强调心理学家运用“科学的方法”去研究“古怪的梦境”。Psychology重读后微顿,提示小话题“心理学”,rational、irrational重读,西显心理学研究的“理性”本质与情感感受的“非理性”本质截然相反。[问题分析]Q5. What do both speakers think of dreams?Q6. Why didn't the woman's grandmother take her scheduled flight?Q7. What does the woman say about people's emotions?Q8.What did psyehologist Sigmund Freud say about adults dreams?Q5:bothspeakers一字一顿,think,dreams重读,锁定提问内容:两位讲话人对梦的看法,Q6:Why提示问及原因:grandmother重读,takeherscheduledflight语速放缓,提示询问祖母未乘坐预定航班的原因。Q7:thewomansay后停顿凸显,people'semotions重读,提示问及“女士对人们的情感的看法”。Q8:psychologistSigmundFreudsay一字一领,提示间及“心理学家弗洛伊德”的法;adultsdreams重读,锁定提问对象“成年人的梦境”学三、试题精解5.两位讲话人怎么看待梦境?C)它们有文化含义。A)它们能预测未来。B)它们没有特殊意义。D)它们难以解释8第8/56页
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设题要点]间答处(Doyouthinkdreams...Idon't...Idon'teither)。[答案精析]B。对话前三段明确两个讲话人对“梦境的共同看法:梦不具有特殊含义。B是对此的准确概括。A张冠李戴,把古代人的观点和女士祖母的观点当作两位讲话人的观点。C根据第3段男士提到的“古埃及、古希腊和古代中国”编造出“梦境具有文化含义”,但对话中并未提到。D利用常识干扰,并非对话内容。6.女士的祖母为何没有乘坐预定的航班?A)它因气候恶劣取消了。C)她梦到了航班失事D)它被推迟到第二天了。B)地睡过了,误了机[设题要点]事件因果解释处(shedreamedthat...Shedidn'ttakethatflight)。[答案精析]C。第4段女士指出,有一次地祖母梦到第二天要乘的飞机坠毁之后,就没再乘那趟航班。故C符合题意。A利用未乘坐计划航班的常见原因“航班因气候原因取消”设置干扰,但该信息对话中并未提到。B由dreamed、She..:airport两处碎片信息捏造出女士祖母因为“睡过点而误了机”。D利用thefollowingday捏造出“航班推迟到第二天”,但对话中是指女士祖母(因梦到飞机失事)第二天没去机场7.关于人们的情感,女士说了什么?A)它们可能会受儿时经历的影响。C)它们通常来自于人们不愉快的记忆B)对于理性的人来说,它们有时可能显得很荒谬。D)它们可以和理性思维一样有巨大的影响[设题要点]人物观点处(Butevenifwethink...)。[答案精析]D。第6段女士指出,情感有时会和理性思维一样具有巨大影响力,D正确,haveanimpactasgreatas同义替换bejustaspowerfulas。B将女士看法“即便我们认为他们(they指代"不理智地相信梦境的预知能力的人)很荒谬,但情感确实会和理性思维一样影响强大”曲解为“在理性的人看来,情感很荒”。A,C两项分别由第7段男士讲话中的碎片信息children、memories捏造而来,并非女士读话中所提及的内容。8.关于成年人的梦境,心理学家西格蒙德·弗洛伊德说了什么?C)它们反映出成年人复杂的情感。A)它们需要用科学的方法来解读。B)它们反映了成年人长久以来怀有的愿望。D)它们通常和非理性的情感有关。【设题要点人物观点处(Butinadults,dreams..)。[答案精析]C。第7段男士介绍称,弗洛伊德曾说过,成年人的梦境以更为复杂的形式反映出他们更为复杂的情感,故C符合题意。A张冠李戴,将第8段女士指出的“心理学家运用科学的方法解释梦境”当作弗洛伊德的看法。B张冠李戴:弗洛伊德表示直接晨现愿望的是“儿童的梦境”,并非题目所问的“成年人的梦境”。D将男士观点“非理性情感常常会导致人们做出各种不理性的行为”误当作弗洛伊德对梦的解释。四、全文翻译男:你觉得梦有特殊含义吗?女:不,我不觉得它们有什么特殊含义。男:我也不觉得。但有些人确实这么认为。我不得不说那些相信梦有特殊含义的人太迷信了,光其是现在还这么认为的。过去,在古埃及、古希腊和古中国时代,人们往往相信梦境可以预见未来。但今天,我们已掌握了如此多的科学知识,我觉得很难再相信这些说法。女:我祖母就很迷信,而且她认为梦可以预测未来。有一次地梦到第二天自己要乘坐的飞机失事了。你能猜到她做了什么吗?她没去搭来那趟航班,甚至第二天连机场都不愿去。她转而乘尘了一周之后的同一航班。当然,什么事都没发生。没有飞机坠毁。男:真滑稽!你知道来坐飞机实际上要比其他任何交通方式都安全吗?这是经过数据证实的。人们有时候竞然可以荒唐至此。女:是啊,就是这样。但即便我们认为他们很离谱,情感也确实会和理性思维一样影响强大。男:正是如此。人们会因为不理性的感受而做出各种疯狂的事情。但其实,一些心理学家认为我们的梦来自于当天的情感和记忆。我想是西格蒙德·弗洛伊德曾说过,儿童的梦境通常是他们的愿望、他们所希望发生之事的直接展现。但对于成年人,梦境则是对他们更丰富情感的更复杂的反映。女:心理学家如何试图用科学的方法来理解梦境这么古怪的东西,这难道不是很有趣吗?心理学就像是对非理性情感进行理性的研究。9第9/56页
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Section BPassageOne沃斯托克湖一、听前预测9. A) Radio waves.10. A) It may be freezing fast beneath the glacier.B) Sound waves.B) It may have micro-organisms living in it.C) Robots.C) It may have certain rare minerals in it.D) Satellites.D) It may be as deep as four kilometers.11. A) Help understand life in freezing conditions.C)Provide information about other planets.B) Help find new sources of fresh water.D)Shed light on possible life in outerspace[看选项关键词预测问题】9.各项共同指向科研领城,且都相对较为熟知(应该不属于新发现,更可能为使用的工具或所涉内容),推测试题询问某科研活动所用工具或所涉内容。10,各项均描述某物可能存在的特征(Itmay),且由各项核心义冰层以下迅速冻住""内含微生物""内含稀有矿物质”"深达4千来”可推断It可能指向湖泊/河流/海洋/外太空等有待人类探索的地域,试题询问该地域的潜在特征。在本题基础上,亦可进一步判断上题考查某科研发现的科技手段。11.各项均为对科研领域的助益(“有助于理解冰冻条件下的生命”“有助于寻找新的淡水来源”“提供关于其他星球的信息”“有助于进一步了解外太空的潜在生命”"),结合前两题预测信息,推测本题询问某科研活动的目的/影响/意义等。[看选项复现词预测主题]第9、11题复现与科研活动相关的表达(Radiowaves、Soundwaves、Robots、Satellites,understand life,find...freshwater,Provide...otherplanetsShed lighton..,outerspace);第10题各选项均指向某一地城的潜在特征(Itmay...freezing fast/micro-organisms livinginit/havecertainrareminerals/asdeepasfourkilometers),推测文章涉及对某地域的科研探究。二、录音分析I While some scientists explore the surface of Antarctica others are learning more about a giantbody of water four kilometers beneath the ice pack. Scientists first discovered Lake Vostok in theI970s by using radio waves that penetrate the ice. Since then, they have used sound waves and even(satellites to map this massive body of water.说明沃斯托克湖的发现过程。话语标记词:Whilesome scientists...others...Scientists first...Sincethen,they..,核心语义调:waterfourkilometers beneaththeicepack;first discovered LakeVostok inthe1970s by using radio waves;have used sound waves...satellites to map...water.①句引出主题“科学家正在研究冰层下的一片巨大水体(沃斯托克湖)”。Whilesome scientists、others重读构建对比"一些科学家vs另一些科学家”,(while常用于引导让步状语从句,提示主句信息才是重点)。more重读后停顿,提示引出研究重点agiantbodyofwater,其后停顿补充所在位置fourkilometersbeneaththeicepack。②?句说明沃斯托克湖的发现过程。firstdiscovered...radiowaves、Sincethen...soundwaves..satellites...map重读构建时间线“最开始用无线电波发现沃斯托克湖→随后用声波、卫星测绘沃斯托克湖”。I How does the water in Lake Vostok remain liquid beneath an ice sheet?"The thick glacier aboveacts like an insulating blanket and keeps the water from freezing." says Martin Siegert. a glaciologistfrom the University of Wales In addition.geothermal heat from deep within the earth may warm thehidden lake. The scientists suspect that micro-organisms may be living in Lake Vostok, closed off fromthe outside world for more than 2 million years.说明沃斯托克湖保持液态的原因及结果。话语标记词:How...Inaddition...Thescientistssuspect...核心语义词:remain liquid;Thethick glacierabove acts like an insulatingblanket:geothermal heat..warm the10第10/56页
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