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List of Symbols This is a list of common symbols used in machine design and in this book.Specialized use in a subject-matter area often attracts fore and post subscripts and superscripts. To make the table brief enough to be useful,the symbol kernels are listed.See Table 14-1,pp.735-736 for spur and helical gearing symbols,and Table 15-1, pp.789-790 for bevel-gear symbols. 7 Area,coefficient A Area variate Distance,regression constant a Regression constant estimate Distance variate B Coefficient Bhn Brinell hardness B Variate b Distance,Weibull shape parameter,range number,regression constant, width b Regression constant estimate b Distance variate Basic load rating,bolted-joint constant,center distance,coefficient of variation,column end condition,correction factor,specific heat capacity, spring index Distance,viscous damping,velocity coefficient CDF Cumulative distribution function COV Coefficient of variation c Distance variate D Helix diameter d Diameter.distance E Modulus of elasticity,energy,error e Distance,eccentricity,efficiency,Naperian logarithmic base F Force,fundamental dimension force f Coefficient of friction,frequency,function fom Figure of merit G Torsional modulus of elasticity Acceleration due to gravity,function H Heat,power Hs Brinell hardness HRC Rockwell C-scale hardness h Distance,film thickness CR Combined overall coefficient of convection and radiation heat transfer Integral,linear impulse,mass moment of inertia,second moment of area Index i Unit vector in x-direction xix
List of Symbols This is a list of common symbols used in machine design and in this book. Specialized use in a subject-matter area often attracts fore and post subscripts and superscripts. To make the table brief enough to be useful, the symbol kernels are listed. See Table 14–1, pp. 735–736 for spur and helical gearing symbols, and Table 15–1, pp. 789–790 for bevel-gear symbols. A Area, coefficient A Area variate a Distance, regression constant aˆ Regression constant estimate a Distance variate B Coefficient Bhn Brinell hardness B Variate b Distance, Weibull shape parameter, range number, regression constant, width bˆ Regression constant estimate b Distance variate C Basic load rating, bolted-joint constant, center distance, coefficient of variation, column end condition, correction factor, specific heat capacity, spring index c Distance, viscous damping, velocity coefficient CDF Cumulative distribution function COV Coefficient of variation c Distance variate D Helix diameter d Diameter, distance E Modulus of elasticity, energy, error e Distance, eccentricity, efficiency, Naperian logarithmic base F Force, fundamental dimension force f Coefficient of friction, frequency, function fom Figure of merit G Torsional modulus of elasticity g Acceleration due to gravity, function H Heat, power HB Brinell hardness HRC Rockwell C-scale hardness h Distance, film thickness h¯ C R Combined overall coefficient of convection and radiation heat transfer I Integral, linear impulse, mass moment of inertia, second moment of area i Index i Unit vector in x-direction xix bud29281_fm_i-xxii_1.qxd 12/24/09 3:38 PM Page xix epg Disk1:Desktop Folder:TEMPWORK:Don't-Delete Jobs:MHDQ196/Budynas:
XX Mechanical Engineering Design Mechanical equivalent of heat,polar second moment of area,geometry factor j Unit vector in the y-direction K Service factor,stress-concentration factor,stress-augmentation factor, torque coefficient k Marin endurance limit modifying factor,spring rate k variate,unit vector in the z-direction y Length,life,fundamental dimension length Life in hours LN Lognormal distribution 1 Length M Fundamental dimension mass,moment M Moment vector,moment variate m Mass,slope,strain-strengthening exponent Normal force,number,rotational speed 在 Normal distribution 个 Load factor,rotational speed,safety factor nd Design factor P Force,pressure,diametral pitch PDF Probability density function p Pitch,pressure,probability Q First moment of area,imaginary force,volume Distributed load,notch sensitivity R Radius,reaction force,reliability,Rockwell hardness,stress ratio R Vector reaction force Correlation coefficient,radius Distance vector P Sommerfeld number.strength s S variate Distance,sample standard deviation,stress T Temperature,tolerance,torque,fundamental dimension time T Torque vector,torque variate Distance.Student's t-statistic.time.tolerance U Strain energy U Uniform distribution Strain energy per unit volume 人 Linear velocity,shear force Linear velocity W Cold-work factor.load,weight W Weibull distribution D Distance,gap,load intensity W Vector distance Coordinate,truncated number 大 Coordinate,true value of a number,Weibull parameter X x variate Y Coordinate Coordinate,deflection y variate Z Coordinate,section modulus,viscosity Standard deviation of the unit normal distribution Variate of z
J Mechanical equivalent of heat, polar second moment of area, geometry factor j Unit vector in the y-direction K Service factor, stress-concentration factor, stress-augmentation factor, torque coefficient k Marin endurance limit modifying factor, spring rate k k variate, unit vector in the z-direction L Length, life, fundamental dimension length Life in hours LN Lognormal distribution l Length M Fundamental dimension mass, moment M Moment vector, moment variate m Mass, slope, strain-strengthening exponent N Normal force, number, rotational speed N Normal distribution n Load factor, rotational speed, safety factor nd Design factor P Force, pressure, diametral pitch PDF Probability density function p Pitch, pressure, probability Q First moment of area, imaginary force, volume q Distributed load, notch sensitivity R Radius, reaction force, reliability, Rockwell hardness, stress ratio R Vector reaction force r Correlation coefficient, radius r Distance vector S Sommerfeld number, strength S S variate s Distance, sample standard deviation, stress T Temperature, tolerance, torque, fundamental dimension time T Torque vector, torque variate t Distance, Student’s t-statistic, time, tolerance U Strain energy U Uniform distribution u Strain energy per unit volume V Linear velocity, shear force v Linear velocity W Cold-work factor, load, weight W Weibull distribution w Distance, gap, load intensity w Vector distance X Coordinate, truncated number x Coordinate, true value of a number, Weibull parameter x x variate Y Coordinate y Coordinate, deflection y y variate Z Coordinate, section modulus, viscosity z Standard deviation of the unit normal distribution z Variate of z xx Mechanical Engineering Design bud29281_fm_i-xxii_1.qxd 12/24/09 3:38 PM Page xx epg Disk1:Desktop Folder:TEMPWORK:Don't-Delete Jobs:MHDQ196/Budynas:
List of Symbols xxi a Coefficient,coefficient of linear thermal expansion,end-condition for springs,thread angle B Bearing angle,coefficient 8 Change,deflection Deviation,elongation 飞 Eccentricity ratio,engineering (normal)strain Normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of s True or logarithmic normal strain Gamma function Pitch angle,shear strain,specific weight 入 Slenderness ratio for springs Unit lognormal with a mean of I and a standard deviation equal to COV Absolute viscosity,population mean Poisson ratio 0 Angular velocity,circular frequency 中 Angle,wave length Slope integral Radius of curvature 0 Normal stress Von Mises stress 0 Normal stress variate 6 Standard deviation Shear stress Shear stress variate Angle,Weibull characteristic parameter g Cost per unit weight $ Cost
List of Symbols xxi α Coefficient, coefficient of linear thermal expansion, end-condition for springs, thread angle β Bearing angle, coefficient Change, deflection δ Deviation, elongation Eccentricity ratio, engineering (normal) strain Normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of s ε True or logarithmic normal strain Gamma function γ Pitch angle, shear strain, specific weight λ Slenderness ratio for springs L Unit lognormal with a mean of l and a standard deviation equal to COV μ Absolute viscosity, population mean ν Poisson ratio ω Angular velocity, circular frequency φ Angle, wave length ψ Slope integral ρ Radius of curvature σ Normal stress σ Von Mises stress S Normal stress variate σˆ Standard deviation τ Shear stress Shear stress variate θ Angle, Weibull characteristic parameter ¢ Cost per unit weight $ Cost bud29281_fm_i-xxii_1.qxd 12/24/09 3:38 PM Page xxi epg Disk1:Desktop Folder:TEMPWORK:Don't-Delete Jobs:MHDQ196/Budynas:
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