10 10 10g 90ml 样品 无苗水 每管各9ml无菌水 每皿倒 15ml 琼脂 培养基
SPREAD PLATE METHOD 涂布平板法 0.1m Bacterial colonies 使用较多的常规 appear only on surface. Pour 0.1 ml onto surface of pre-poured 方法，但有时涂 布不均匀！ 1:10,000 dilution of bacteriai culture in 1 ml of dilution added broth to melted agar 混合平板法 Mix thoroughly and pour surface. 创 操作较麻烦，对 好氧菌、热敏感 菌效果不好！ 78 colonies
混合平板法 涂布平板法 操作较麻烦，对 好氧菌、热敏感 菌效果不好！ 使用较多的常规 方法，但有时涂 布不均匀！
2.膜过滤培养法 菌数低的样品（如水）→膜过滤→培养→菌落计数 Membrane filter removed and placed in plate Water sample filtered containing the Membrane filter through membrane appropriate Incubation Typical on a filter support filter (0.45 um) medium for 24 hours colonies
2. 膜过滤培养法 菌数低的样品（如水）→ 膜过滤 → 培养 → 菌落计数
3.血球计数板法—测定细胞总数 优点：简便、直接、快速 缺点：只适合个体较大的微生物， 、霉菌孢子 UFED 动 自模生计后衣代宽 A,F0据：星出测 L鱼鱼好数架，上盈到计，发世数的 时a两.十可3n20
3.血球计数板法——测定细胞总数 优点：简便、直接、快速 缺点：只适合个体较大的微生物， 酵母、霉菌孢子
显微镜直接计数法 Figure 6.19 Direct Grid with 25 large squares microscopic count of bacteria with a Petroff-Hausser cell Cover glass counter.The average number of cells within a large square multiplied by a factor of 1.250,000 gives the number of bacteria per milliliter. Direct microscopic counts are useful for certain applications but have a disadvantage of re Bacterial suspension is added here and fills the shallow well over the quiring rather high microbial populations for them to be squares by capillary action. countable. Bacterial suspension Microscopic count:All ceils in several large squares are Cover glass counted,and the numbers are averaged.The large square shown here has 14 bacterial cells Location of squares The volume af tluid over the Cross section of a cel counter. large square is 1/1.250,000 The depth under the cover glass is known. of a milliliter.If it contains 14 and the area of the squares is known, cells,as shown here,then there so the volume of the bacterial suspension are 14 times 1,250.000 over the squares can be calculated(depth x area) (17.500.000)cells in a milliliter
显微镜直接计数法