上游充通大兽 OUTLINES SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 1.Fatty Acids Are Key Constituents of Lipids 2.There Are Three Common Types of Membrane Lipids 膜脂可大致分为三类：磷脂、糖脂、胆固醇 3.Phospholipids and Glycolipids Readily Form Bimolecular Sheets in Aqueous Media 4.Proteins Carry Out Most Membrane Processes 5.Lipids and Many Membrane Proteins Diffuse Rapidly in the plane of the Membrane 6.Eukaryotic Cells Contain Compartments Bounded by Internal Membranes
OUTLINES 1.Fatty Acids Are Key Constituents of Lipids 2.There Are Three Common Types of Membrane Lipids 膜脂可大致分为三类：磷脂、糖脂、胆固醇 3.Phospholipids and Glycolipids Readily Form Bimolecular Sheets in Aqueous Media 4.Proteins Carry Out Most Membrane Processes 5.Lipids and Many Membrane Proteins Diffuse Rapidly in the plane of the Membrane 6.Eukaryotic Cells Contain Compartments Bounded by Internal Membranes
上降充通大 2.There Are Three Common Types of Membrane Lipids SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY By definition,lipids are water-insoluble biomolecules that are highly soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform. 脂类是指不溶于水、但可溶于氯仿等有机溶剂中的化合物 Lipids have a variety of biological roles:they serve as fuel molecules(燃料分子)，highly concentrated energy stores,(储存能量)，signal molecules(信号分子)and messengers in signal-transduction pathways(信息载体)， and components of membranes(膜组成成分). 膜脂质童要有三美： 1.Phospholipids(磷脂) 2.Glycolipids(糖脂) 3.Cholesterol(胆固醇)
膜脂质主要有三类： 1. Phospholipids (磷脂) 2. Glycolipids (糖脂) 3. Cholesterol (胆固醇) 2. There Are Three Common Types of Membrane Lipids By definition, lipids are water-insoluble biomolecules that are highly soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform. 脂类是指不溶于水、但可溶于氯仿等有机溶剂中的化合物 Lipids have a variety of biological roles: they serve as fuel molecules（燃料分子）, highly concentrated energy stores,（储存能量）， signal molecules （信号分子）and messengers in signal-transduction pathways（信息载体）, and components of membranes（膜组成成分）
上游充更大警 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Phospholipids Are the Major Class of Membrane Lipids Phospholipids (are abundant in all biological membranes.A phospholipidmolecule is constructed from four components::磷脂分子由四种组分构成： 1.A phosphate 2.One or more fatty acids 3.A platform to which the fatty acids are attached 4. An alcohol attached to the phosphate Fatty G acid y Figure 12.3 Schematic Fatty C structure of a phospholipid. acid e r 0! Phosphate Alcohol
Phospholipids Are the Major Class of Membrane Lipids 1. A phosphate 2. One or more fatty acids 3. A platform to which the fatty acids are attached 4. An alcohol attached to the phosphate Phospholipids（磷脂） are abundant in all biological membranes. A phospholipidmolecule is constructed from four components: 磷脂分子由四种组分构成： Figure 12.3 Schematic structure of a phospholipid
上海充通大警 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Phospholipids Are the Major Class of Membrane Lipids The platform on which phospholipids are built may be glycerol(甘油)，a three carbon alcohol,or sphingosine(鞘 氨醇)，a more complex alcohol. HO HO H2 Glycerol 甘油 Phosphoglyceride(磷酸甘油酯) +H3N H3C(H2C)12 OH H3C(H2C)12 CH3 HO sphingosine 鞘氨醇 CH3 Sphingomyelin(鞘磷脂)
sphingosine The platform on which phospholipids are built may be glycerol (甘油), a three carbon alcohol, or sphingosine (鞘 氨醇), a more complex alcohol. 甘油 鞘氨醇 Phospholipids Are the Major Class of Membrane Lipids Phosphoglyceride (磷酸甘油酯) Sphingomyelin (鞘磷脂)
上游充通大兽 2.There Are Three Common SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Types of Membrane Lipids Only small amounts of phosphatidate(磷脂酸)are present in membranes.However,the molecule is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of the other phosphoglycerides(甘油a磷脂). -ooc HO CH3 HO. HO、 NH3+ NH3+ H2 H2 H2 *CH3 CH3 Serine Ethanolamine Choline 2 丝氨酸 乙醇胺 H OH OHH 胆碱 O OH HO. HO OH HO- -OH H2 H2 H H Glycerol Inositol 磷脂酸 甘油 肌醇 The common alcohol moieties of phosphoglycerides are the amino acid serine,ethanolamine(乙醇胺)，choline(胆碱)， glycerol(甘油)，and inositol(肌醇)
The common alcohol moieties of phosphoglycerides are the amino acid serine, ethanolamine (乙醇胺), choline (胆碱), glycerol（甘油）, and inositol (肌醇). 2. There Are Three Common Types of Membrane Lipids Only smaIl amounts of phosphatidate (磷脂酸) are present in membranes. However, the molecule is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of the other phosphoglycerides (甘油磷脂). 乙醇胺 胆碱 甘油 肌醇 丝氨酸 磷脂酸