Classifying Managers 管理者的分类 。First-line Managers ·基层管理者 Individuals who manage the work of non-managerial employees. >管理着非管理雇员所从事工作的人。 ·Middle Managers ·中层管理者 Individuals who manage the work of first-line managers. >管理着基层管理者的人。 ·Top Managers ·高层管理者 >Individuals who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization. >承担着制定广泛的组织决策、为整个组织制定计划和目标的责任 的人。 2007 Prentice Hall,Inc.All rights reserved. 1-6
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–6 Classifying Managers 管理者的分类 • First-line Managers • 基层管理者 ➢ Individuals who manage the work of non-managerial employees. ➢ 管理着非管理雇员所从事工作的人。 • Middle Managers • 中层管理者 ➢ Individuals who manage the work of first-line managers. ➢ 管理着基层管理者的人。 • Top Managers • 高层管理者 ➢ Individuals who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization. ➢ 承担着制定广泛的组织决策、为整个组织制定计划和目标的责任 的人
Exhibit 1-1 Managerial Levels 图1-1 管理的层次 高层管理者 中层管理者 基层管理者 非管理雇员 2007 Prentice Hall,Inc.All rights reserved. 17
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–7 Exhibit 1–1 Managerial Levels 图 1-1 管理的层次 高层管理者 中层管理者 基层管理者 非管理雇员
What Is Management? 什么是管理? ·Managerial Concerns ·管理关于 >Efficiency >效率 ÷“Doing things right'” 8 “正确地做事” 一 Getting the most output for the least inputs 以尽可能少的投入获得尽可 能多的产出 >Effectiveness >效果 "Doing the right things" 冬“做正确的事” -Attaining organizational goals 一达到组织的目标 2007 Prentice Hall,Inc.All rights reserved. 1-8
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 – 8 What Is Management? 什么是管理? • Managerial Concerns • 管理关于 ➢ Efficiency ➢ 效率❖ “Doing things right” ❖ “正确地做事” – Getting the most output for the least inputs – 以尽可能少的投入获得尽可 能多的产出 ➢ Effectiveness ➢ 效果❖ “Doing the right things” ❖ “做正确的事” – Attaining organizational goals – 达到组织的目标
Exhibit 1-2 Effectiveness and Efficiency in Management 图1-2 管理的效率和效果 效率(方式) 效果(结果) 资源利用 目标达成 低浪费 高达成 管理努力实现: 低资源浪费(高效率) 高目标达成(高效果) 2007 Prentice Hall,Inc.All rights reserved. 1-9
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–9 Exhibit 1–2 Effectiveness and Efficiency in Management 图 1-2 管理的效率和效果 效率(方式) 效果(结果) 资源利用 低浪费 高达成 目标达成 管理努力实现: 低资源浪费(高效率) 高目标达成(高效果)
What Do Managers Do? 管理者做什么? ·Functional Approach ·管理职能 >Planning >计划 Defining goals,establishing strategies to achieve goals,developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities. ·定义目标,制定战略以获取目标,以及制定计划和协调活动。 >Organizing >组织 Arranging and structuring work to accomplish organizational goals. 。安排和组织工作以实现组织目标。 >Leading >领导 Working with and through people to accomplish goals. 。同别人一起或者通过别人去完成组织目标。 >Controlling >控制 Monitoring,comparing,and correcting work. 。监控、比较和纠正工作。 2007 Prentice Hall,Inc.All rights reserved. 1-10
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–10 What Do Managers Do? 管理者做什么? • Functional Approach • 管理职能 ➢ Planning ➢ 计划 ❖ Defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve goals, developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities. ❖ 定义目标,制定战略以获取目标,以及制定计划和协调活动。 ➢ Organizing ➢ 组织 ❖ Arranging and structuring work to accomplish organizational goals. ❖ 安排和组织工作以实现组织目标。 ➢ Leading ➢ 领导 ❖ Working with and through people to accomplish goals. ❖ 同别人一起或者通过别人去完成组织目标。 ➢ Controlling ➢ 控制 ❖ Monitoring, comparing, and correcting work. ❖ 监控、比较和纠正工作