3.4 Yan Fu(严复) Living in the late Qing society, constantly threatened by colonial expansion and profoundly shocked by the humiliating Treaty of Shimonoseki(《马关条约》) of April 1895 with Japan, Yan Fu(1853-1921), became an active reformist and devoted to weaving via his translation Western studies in the broad space of the Chinese language The 1898 translation of Thomas Henry Huxley,s Evolution and ethics 《天演论》)
3.4 Yan Fu（严复） Living in the late Qing society, constantly threatened by colonial expansion and profoundly shocked by the humiliating Treaty of Shimonoseki (《马关条约》) of April 1895 with Japan, Yan Fu (1853-1921), became an active reformist and devoted to weaving via his translation Western studies in the broad space of the Chinese language. The 1898 translation of Thomas Henry Huxley’s Evolution and Ethics (《天演论》)
establish his reputation throughout the country, in which he rendered " natural selection and survival of the fittest" into ■物竟天择,适者生存, a widely quoted saying coming down to this day In the preface to the translated Evolution and Ethics, Yan Fu set down the triple translation criteria namely, “ faithfulness
establish his reputation throughout the country, in which he rendered “natural selection and survival of the fittest” into 物竟天择，适者生存， a widely quoted saying coming down to this day. In the preface to the translated Evolution and Ethics, Yan Fu set down the triple translation criteria, namely, “faithfulness (信)
expressIveness (达) and elegance (雅)”, with which he opened a new chapter in the translation history of China Yan Fu Evolution and Ethics and other essays by T H. Huxley (《天演论》) An Inquiry Into the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations by A. Smith (《原富》)
expressiveness (达) and elegance ( 雅 ) ” ， with which he opened a new chapter in the translation history of China. Yan Fu： Evolution and Ethics and other essays by T.H. Huxley (《天演论》) An Inquiry Into the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations by A. Smith (《原富》)
a I. Translation in Contemporary China Translation activity has taken on a new look ever since the May 4th Movement, the starting point of the new democratic revolution in China. For the sake of a concise discussion, we may divide the contemporary era into two perIods 2. 1 Translation in China between 1919-1949 22 Translation in Present-day China(1949-至今)
Ⅱ. Translation in Contemporary China Translation activity has taken on a new look ever since the May 4th Movement, the starting point of the new democratic revolution in China. For the sake of a concise discussion, we may divide the contemporary era into two periods. 2.1 Translation in China between 1919-1949 2.2 Translation in Present-day China（1949-至今）
2. 1 Translation in China between 1919-1949 Literary Translation was equally noteworthy during this period, which made a significant contribution to the introduction of foreign literature and the development of Chinese literature. Classical Chinese in translation was gradually replaced by a more simplified and easily understood vernacular本地话,方言 Chinese baihua,(白 ii), Hence a linguistic progress
2.1 Translation in China between 1919-1949 Literary Translation was equally noteworthy during this period, which made a significant contribution to the introduction of foreign literature and the development of Chinese literature. Classical Chinese in translation was gradually replaced by a more simplified and easilyunderstood vernacular 本 地 话 , 方 言 Chinese baihua,( 白 话)， Hence a linguistic progress