05/05/2016武桥理工大学武汉理工大学Table of ContentsCourse IntroductionTypicalTrenchingandShoringProjectsApplled Soll Mechanics and Shoring DesignPart1:SoilMechanicsReviewPart2:TrenchingandShoringDesignDr.Jinyuan Liu,P.E.,P.EngAssociateProfessor,RyersonUniversityPart3:ExercisesandDiscussionsDirector,Jinyuan Liu&AssociatesInc实员理工大学实员理工大学CourseObjectlvesIntroductionofClassMembersDr.JinyuanLiu,P.E.,P.EngThepurposeofthecourseistoteachattendeeshowtodesign shoringEmail:Jinyuan.Liu@ryerson.caPhone:(416)979-5000x6469Thedesignexamplesshowthesafeandprovenhttp://www.nyerson.ca/j42liucalculation techniques for shoring design that can beResearch Interests: underground excavation and tunneling,soil.appliedtomostexcavation shoring situationsstructural interaction,urban geotechnology,physicalmodeling with transparent soil,and numerical simulationThecourseexplainswhypropertrenchingandshoringconstruction procedures are important for creatingasuccessfultrenching and shoring systemhttp://www.jinyuanliu.comConsultancy Areas: Design and training in geotechnical,Finally,theproper installationproceduresareexplained.undergroundexcavation,tunneling,and glassstructurefields武工大学武居理工大学ExpectedOutcomesTypical Trenching ProjectsAfterparticipatinginthecourse.youshouldbeabletoApply soll mechanics theory to actual and practical trenching andshoring designDerive the equations and loads for designing sheet piles andsoldier pilesDesign wale,strut,lagging.anchortiebacks,and soilnail wallsImplement requirements, procedures and techniques for safeeffective and efficient designPractice trenching and shoring safety precautions
05/05/2016 1 Applied Soil Mechanics and Shoring Design Dr. Jinyuan Liu, P.E., P.Eng. Associate Professor, Ryerson University Director, Jinyuan Liu & Associates Inc Table of Contents Course Introduction Typical Trenching and Shoring Projects Part 1: Soil Mechanics Mechanics Review Part 2: Trenching and Shoring Design Part 3: Exercises and Discussions Introduction of Class Members Dr. Jinyuan Liu, P.E., P.Eng. Email: Jinyuan.Liu@ryerson.ca Phone: (416) 979‐5000x6469 http://www.ryerson.ca/~j42liu Resea cr h Inte ests terests: u de g ou d nderground e ca at o xcavation a dn tu e g, nn ling, soil‐ structural interaction, urban geotechnology, physical modeling with transparent soil, and numerical simulation http://www.jinyuanliu.com Consultancy Areas: Design and training in geotechnical, underground excavation, tunneling, and glass structure fields Course Objectives The purpose of the course is to teach attendees how to design shoring The design examples show the safe and proven calculation techniques for shoring design that can be applied to most excavation shoring situations applied to most excavation shoring situations The course explains why proper trenching and shoring construction procedures are important for creating a successful trenching and shoring system Finally, the proper installation procedures are explained. Expected Outcomes After participating in the course, you should be able to: Apply soil mechanics theory to actual and practical trenching and shoring design Derive the equations and loads for designing sheet piles and soldier piles Design wale, strut, lagging, anchor tiebacks, and soil nail walls Implement requirements, procedures and techniques for safe, effective and efficient design Practice trenching and shoring safety precautions Typical Trenching Projects
05/05/2016武插理工大学武活理工大学Typlcal Shoring ProjectsShoringProjects InToronto实员理工大学实理工大学ShoringProjectsInBeljingShoring Projects InTorontonbinedwithtiebaackanchorforadeepsecantxcavationinBeijing武工大学武居理工大学ShoringProjects inNYCShorlng Projects InTorontoATimberLaggingandSoldierBeamWall inToronto,Canada
05/05/2016 2 Typical Shoring Projects Shoring Projects in Toronto Shoring Projects in Toronto Shoring Projects in Beijing A secant pile wall combined with tieback anchor for a deep excavation in Beijing Shoring Projects in Toronto A Timber Lagging and Soldier Beam Wall in Toronto, Canada Shoring Projects in NYC 5/5/2016 12
05/05/2016卖活理工大学武活理工大学Market Needs in GTAShorlngProjectsInNYC实员理工大学实员理工大学ARlskyJob:CollapseInSlngaporeARlskyJob:CollapseInChinaCut-&-CoverSMRTStationCollapseDestroysNicollHighway-Singapore2004武工大学武居理工大学ARiskyJob:CollapseInShanghalARiskyJob:SNWFallureinIranShanehaiSubwavLineNo,4Colapse,Shanghai,China2003SNWFailureinlranonOctober3,20133
05/05/2016 3 Shoring Projects in NYC 5/5/2016 13 Market Needs in GTA A Risky Job: Collapse in Singapore Cut-&-Cover SMRT Station Collapse Destroys Nicoll Highway-Singapore 2004 A Risky Job: Collapse in China Hangzhou Subway Collapse, Hangzhou, China 2008 16 Very careful near water!!! A Risky Job: Collapse in Shanghai Shanghai Subway Line No. 4 Collapse, Shanghai, China 2003 5/5/2016 17 A Risky Job: SNW Failure in Iran 5/5/2016 SNW 18 Failure in Iran on October 3, 2013 Pay Attention to Nail Details!
05/05/2016卖居珠工大学武居理工大学Part1:SollMechanlcsRevlewReviewwillfocusonlyonmostrelatedpropertiesThreePhaseDiagramSoilClassificationsPermeabilityShearingStrengthLateralEarthPressureBorehole LogguDmxtigstrcuresduringuelecationurbaLeaneCoeTunnel, Sydney, Right: Heathrow Express, London),.19实员理工大学实员理工大学Soil Mechanics Revlew:Three Phase DlagramSoll Mechanlcs Review:Three Phase DiagramWeinAirSolidParticlesWaterVoids (water)Solid Voids (air) Idealization:Mineral SkeletonThree Phase Diagram武居理工大学武武居理工大学Soll MechanicsRevlew:Typlcal Values(Cont'd)Soil MechanlcsRevlew:TvplcalValuesTABLE 4-2 Typical IndexProperties forGranular SoiAPenwkSueand GradanoDmiyM/ayPoromly ()Areroa RangtVoidRatioApprot.SucApgeexDryDesialy.WetDesity.Subaerged Desaity.Range(mm)MiaMAM.一dnfFndurdOeasauo3.130.911.1228.1.84885E2141.402.3032.2() Cem.t1231.951.2419tipbyby62.41obisn/n
05/05/2016 4 5/5/2016 19 Part 1: Soil Mechanics Review Review will focus only on most related properties Three Phase Diagram Soil Classifications Permeability Shearing Strength Lateral Earth Pressure Borehole Log Soil Mechanics Review: Three Phase Diagram Air Water Solid Particles Solid Mineral Skeleton Idealization: Three Phase Diagram Voids (water) Voids (air) Soil Mechanics Review : Three Phase Diagram e, w Soil Mechanics Review: Typical Values Soil Mechanics Review: Typical Values (Cont’d)
05/05/2016卖活共工大学西武隆理工大学Soil Mechanics Revlew:Typlcal Values (Cont'd)Soll MechanlcsRevlew:GralnSlze AnalvslsTABLE2-1 SomeTypical ValuesforDifferentDensities of SomeU.S.StandardSieve-No.200Common Soil Materials#0.0029inches0.074mmDensity (Mg/m)Soil Type"No.200"meansPuAatSands and gravels1.9~2.41.52.31.01.3Silts and clays1.42.10.61.80.4-1.1Glacial tills2.12.41.7-2.31.1-1.4Crushed rock1.92.21.52.00.9-1.2Peats1.01.10.10.30.00.1Organic silts and clays1.31.80.51.50.30.8*Modified after Hansbo (1975)实员理工大学实理工大学Soil MechanicsRevlew:ConslstencyofSollsSoll Mechanics Review: Atterberg LlmitsConsistencyoffine-grained soil varies in proportiontothewatercontentStrainliquid(peasoup)Liquid limitShrinkagelimitSLPlasticlimit,PLLiquid limit,LLPlasticityplasticIndex(pea nut butter)LiquidSolSemisolidPlasticPlastic limitMoisture contentPlastic index, PI0E1(cheese)Shrinkage limitStrength and modulus decreasesolid(hardcandy)Compressibility increases武工大学武居理工大学Soil Mechanics Revlew:Atterberg LilSoll MechanicsRevlew:GralnSizeDistrlbutionNLL-Themoisture content atwhicha2.mm-widegroove ina soll patwillcloseforadistanceof0.5inwhendropped25times in a standard brass cup falling 1Cm each time at a rateof 2drops/sec inastandard liquidlimitdevicePLThemoisturecontentatwhichathreadof soil justbeginstocrack and crumblewhenrolledtoadiameterof1/8inchesPI=LL-PLorI,=W,-WpNote:These are watercontents,but thepercentage sign is not typically shown.Which soil is good for trenching and shoring work?5
05/05/2016 5 Soil Mechanics Review: Typical Values (Cont’d) How about void ratio? Which matters most in granular and clay? Soil Mechanics Review: Grain Size Analysis U.S. Standard Sieve - No. 200 0.0029 inches 0.074 mm “No. 200” means. Soil Mechanics Review: Consistency of Soils Strain Stress Moisture content Solid Semisolid Plastic Liquid Shrinkage limit, SL Plastic limit, PL Liquid limit, LL Plastic index, PI Strength and modulus decrease Compressibility increases Soil Mechanics Review: Atterberg Limits Consistency of fine-grained soil varies in proportion to the water content Liquid limit liquid (pea soup) Shrinkage limit Plastic limit Liquid limit solid semi-solid plastic Plasticity Index (cheese) (pea nut butter) (hard candy) Soil Mechanics Review: Atterberg Limits LL: The moisture content at which a 2 mmwide groove in a soil pat will close for a distance of 0.5 in when dropped 25 times in a standard brass cup falling 1 cm each time at a rate of 2 drops/sec in a standard liquid limit device PL: The moisture content at which a thread of soil just begins to crack and crumble when rolled to a diameter of 1/8 inches PI = LL – PL or IP=wL-wP Note: These are water contents, but the percentage sign is not typically shown. Soil Mechanics Review: Grain Size Distribution Which soil is good for trenching and shoring work?