电子科妓女学光电科学与工程学院 SCHOOL OF OPTOELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF UESTC 6,7 Color Fundamentals GAMMA X-RAYS U-V INFRA- MICRO- RAYS RED WAVES T-V RADIO 001nm 1nm 10nm .0001ft 1 ft 100ft ULTRAVIOLET VISIBLE SPECTRUM INFRARED 300 400 500 600 700 1000 1500 WAVELENGTH (Nanometers) FIGURE 6.2 Wavelengths comprising the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. (Courtesy of the General Electric Co.,Lamp Business Division.) Visible light wavelength:from around 400 to 700 nm. >an achromatic (monochrome)light source:Intensity. >a chromatic light source,3 attributes to describe the quality: Radiance total amount of energy flow from a light source (Watts); Luminance amount of energy received by an observer(lumens); Brightness intensity
6.1 Color Fundamentals ◼ Visible light wavelength: from around 400 to 700 nm. ➢an achromatic (monochrome) light source: Intensity . ➢a chromatic light source, 3 attributes to describe the quality: Radiance = total amount of energy flow from a light source (Watts); Luminance = amount of energy received by an observer (lumens); Brightness = intensity
电子科妓女学光电科学与工程学院 SCHOOL OF OPTOELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF UESTC 6,1 Color Fundamentals 445nm 535nm 575nm FIGURE 6.3 Absorption of Sensitive light by the red, Blue Green Red green,and blue 6-7 millions cones in a cones in the human eye as a human eye. function of Red -65% wavelength. Green -33% Blue -2% 400 450 500 550 600 650 700nm 盖 ysydind ■Primary colors defined by CIE(1931) Red =700 nm Green 546.1nm CIE Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage Blue =435.8 nm (The International Commission on Illumination)
6.1 Color Fundamentals defined by CIE (1931) Red = 700 nm Green = 546.1nm Blue = 435.8 nm CIE = Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (The International Commission on Illumination) 6-7 millions cones in a human eye. Red - 65% Green - 33% Blue - 2% ◼ Primary colors ◼ Sensitive
电子科妓女学光电科学与工程学院 SCHOOL OF OPTOELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF UESTC 6,1 Color Fundamentals MIXTURES OF LIGHT b (Additive primaries) Additive primary colors GREEN FIGURE 6.4 Primary and secondary colors YELLOW CYAN of light and RGB use in the case of light WHITE pigments. (Courtesy of the sources such as color monitors BLUE General Electric MAGENTA Co.,Lamp Business Division.) MIXTURES OF PIGMENTS (Subtractive primaries) YELLOW Subtractive primary colors GREEN BLACK CMY use in the case of MAGENTA CYAN pigments in printing devices BLUE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY COLORS OF LIGHT AND PIGMENT
6.1 Color Fundamentals RGB use in the case of light sources such as color monitors CMY use in the case of pigments in printing devices ◼ Additive primary colors ◼ Subtractive primary colors
电子科妓女学光电科学与工程学院 SCHOOL OF OPTOELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF UESTC Color Characterization Brightness:Intensity. ■Hue: Dominant color corresponding to a dominant wavelength of mixture light wave. Saturation: Relative purity or amount of white light mixed with a hue (inversely proportional to amount of white light added) Hue }hrom(色度) Saturation Amount of red (X),green (Y)and blue (Z)to form any particular color is called Tristimulus(三色激劢)
◼ Brightness: Intensity. ◼ Hue: Dominant color corresponding to a dominant wavelength of mixture light wave. ◼ Saturation: Relative purity or amount of white light mixed with a hue (inversely proportional to amount of white light added). Color Characterization Hue Saturation Chromaticity (色度) Amount of red (X), green (Y) and blue (Z) to form any particular color is called Tristimulus(三色激励)
电子科技女学光电科学与工程学院 SCHOOL OF OPTOELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF UESTC 6,1 Color Fundamentals FIGURE 6.5 (C.I.E.CHROMATICITY DIAGRAM) Chromaticity ■Trichromatic diagram. 530 (Courtesy of the coefficients SPECTRAL ENERGY LOCUS General Electric (WAVELENGTH,NANOMETERS) X Co.,Lamp X= Business X+Y+Z Division.) Y 570 y= X+Y+Z GOLD WARM WHITE Z COOL WHITE Z= DAYLIGHT-1 PINK X+Y+Z 69 4 RED DEEP BLUE POINT OF EQUAL ENERG x+y+z=1 BLUE Note:Points on the boundary are fully saturated colors x axis
6.1 Color Fundamentals ◼ Trichromatic coefficients X x X Y Z Y y X Y Z Z z X Y Z = + + = + + = + + x + y + z =1 Note: Points on the boundary are fully saturated colors