6,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic stearidonic 18:4(n-3) 276.4 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic α-linolenic 18:3(n-3) 278.4 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic DHA 22:6(n-3) 328.6 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic EPA 20:5(n-3) 302.5 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic arachidonic 20:4(n-6) 304.5 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic γ-linolenic 18:3(n-6) 278.4 9,12-octadecadienoic linoleic 18:2(n-6) 280.4 Molecular wt. Shorthand designation Systematic name Trivial name Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids
6,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic stearidonic 18:4(n-3) 276.4 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic α-linolenic 18:3(n-3) 278.4 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic DHA 22:6(n-3) 328.6 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic EPA 20:5(n-3) 302.5 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic arachidonic 20:4(n-6) 304.5 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic γ-linolenic 18:3(n-6) 278.4 9,12-octadecadienoic linoleic 18:2(n-6) 280.4 Molecular wt. Shorthand designation Systematic name Trivial name Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids
Lipids Storage (neutral) Membrane (polar) TAG PL GL H2C HC H2C O O O C(CH2)14CH3 C(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH3 P O O O O- O X CH HC H2C N H O C(CH2)22CH3 X O HO CH=CH(CH2)12CH3 H2C HC H2C (CH2)14CH3 (CH2)7CH=CH(CH 2)7CH3 (CH2)16CH3 OC OC OC O O O
Lipids Storage (neutral) Membrane (polar) TAG PL GL H2C HC H2C O O O C(CH2)14CH3 C(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH3 P O O O O- O X CH HC H2C N H O C(CH2)22CH3 X O HO CH=CH(CH2)12CH3 H2C HC H2C (CH2)14CH3 (CH2)7CH=CH(CH 2)7CH3 (CH2)16CH3 OC OC OC O O O
Phospholipids z Pi is in turn esterified to OH of a polar head group (X): e.g., serine, choline, ethanolamine, glycerol, or inositol. z The 2 fatty acids tend to be non-identical. They may differ in length and/or the presence/absence of double bonds. O P O O− O H2C CH H2C R1 C O O O C O R2 X glycerophospholipid
Phospholipids z Pi is in turn esterified to OH of a polar head group (X): e.g., serine, choline, ethanolamine, glycerol, or inositol. z The 2 fatty acids tend to be non-identical. They may differ in length and/or the presence/absence of double bonds. O P O O− O H2C CH H2C R1 C O O O C O R2 X glycerophospholipid
Name of Net charge glycerophospholipid Name of X Formula of X (at pH 7) Phosphatidic acid -H -1 Phosphatidylethanolamine Ethanolamine 一CH-CH2-NH3 0 Phosphatidylcholine Choline -CHz-CH2-N(CH3)s 0 Phosphatidylserine Serine -CHzCH-NHs -1 c00 Phosphatidylglycerol Glycerol -CHzCH-CHzOH OH H O-P Phosphatidylinositol myo-Inositol 4.5- 4,5-bisphosphate bisphosphate OH HO 0-® Cardiolipin Phosphatidyl- CH 2 glycerol CHOH O H
Sphingolipids z Sphingolipids are derivatives of the lipid sphingosine, which has a long hydrocarbon tail, and a polar domain that includes an amino group. z The amino group of sphingosine can form an amide bond with a fatty acid carboxyl, to yield a ceramide. H2C H C OH CH N+ CH C CH2 CH3 H H3 OH ( )12 sphingosine H2C H C OH CH NH CH C CH2 CH3 H OH ( )12 C R O ceramide
Sphingolipids z Sphingolipids are derivatives of the lipid sphingosine, which has a long hydrocarbon tail, and a polar domain that includes an amino group. z The amino group of sphingosine can form an amide bond with a fatty acid carboxyl, to yield a ceramide. H2C H C OH CH N+ CH C CH2 CH3 H H3 OH ( )12 sphingosine H2C H C OH CH NH CH C CH2 CH3 H OH ( )12 C R O ceramide