A. Antitussives Central antitussives Narcotic drugs: codeine可待因 pholcodine福尔可定 Drotebanol羟蒂巴酚 Non-Narcotic drugs: dextromethorphan右美沙芬 pentoxyverine喷托维林(咳必清) Peripheral antitussives benzonatate苯佐那酯
Central antitussives Narcotic drugs: codeine 可待因 pholcodine 福尔可定 Drotebanol 羟蒂巴酚 Non-Narcotic drugs: dextromethorphan 右美沙芬 pentoxyverine 喷托维林(咳必清) Peripheral antitussives benzonatate 苯佐那酯 A. Antitussives
o Narcotic Antitussives Codeine 可待因 HacO HO CODM NCH NCH3 H H HO HO Codeine Morphine Clinical use: Severe cough without sputum, such as cough induced by tumor pleurisy胸膜炎) with pain
Codeine 可待因 Clinical use: Severe cough without sputum, such as cough induced by tumor, pleurisy(胸膜炎) with pain Narcotic Antitussives
oo Narcotic Antitussives Name cough suppressant analgesic dependence effects effects morphine 4 10 10 Codeine(可待因) Dihydrocodeine 1.5 1.5 (双氢可待因) Drotebanol|(羟蒂巴酚) 10 Pholcodine(福尔可定) less Clinical use: Severe cough without sputum
Narcotic Antitussives Name cough suppressant effects analgesic effects dependence morphine 4 10 10 Codeine (可待因) 1 1 1 Dihydrocodeine (双氢可待因) 1.5 1.5 0 Drotebanol（羟蒂巴酚） 10 <10 Pholcodine（福尔可定） 0 less Clinical use: Severe cough without sputum
o Non-Narcotic Antitussives Dextromethorphan(右美沙芬,DXM CH, O I3C0 -CP.3 N—CH HO Dextromethorphan Codeine
Dextromethorphan(右美沙芬， DXM) O N CH3 HO H3CO Codeine Dextromethorphan Non-Narcotic Antitussives
Metabolism of dextromethorphan CY3PA HO 3-methoxymorphinan Dextromethorphan (3-甲氧基吗啡喃) H CY2PD CY3PA 3-hydroxymorphinan 3-hydroxymorphinan H (3-羟基吗啡喃) CH3 dextrorphan(右啡烷) Antitussive drugs--past, present, and future. _ Pharmacol rev. 2014 Mar 26: 66(2): 468-512
Antitussive drugs--past, present, and future. Pharmacol Rev. 2014 Mar 26;66(2):468-512. Metabolism of dextromethorphan. dextrorphan(右啡烷) 3-methoxymorphinan (3-甲氧基吗啡喃) 3-hydroxymorphinan (3-羟基吗啡喃)