Diuretics Huifang Tang(汤慧芳) tanghuifang@zju.edu.cn Dept Pharmacology, Schoolof Medicine Zhejiang University
Diuretics Huifang Tang (汤慧芳) tanghuifang@zju.edu.cn Dept. Pharmacology, Schoolof Medicine , Zhejiang University
The Kidney: Kidneys Excretion of water ions, and toxic metabolites Balance in electrolytes water. and acid-base in the boe Ur Bladde
Overview Excretion in the kidney 1. Solutes(溶质) Blood with Clean blood 1)工 ons(electrolytes) wastes 2)Organic anions(weak acids) and organic cations(weak bases 3)Other solutes 2. Water Glomerulus Glomerular filtration Wastes(urine) to the bladder Tubule secretion and In the nephron(left), reabsorption tiny blood vessels intertwine with urine Tubule collecting tubes. Each kidney contains about Nephron I million nephrons
Proximal NaHcO3 Nacl Nacl (+PTH) Distal convoluted convoluted tubule Proximal 6570%Na straight tubule 10%Na+ ca Collecting Glomerulus H2o tubule Cortex 325%N ()NaCl 2~5%Na+ 2C| K H Thick ascending limb HO urine Thi (+ADH) descend limb Collecting concentration duct Thin ascending limb Loop of Henle nner medulla
urine concentration
d. Excretion of inorganic ion 2 3 4 5 6 7 对流扩散简单扩散通道介导载体介导ATP介导同向转运反向转运 的扩散 的扩散 的转运 CCC AAA A AAAA AA ΦΦ東 C CCCC BB 细胞膜 CC AA B BBB H2O ATP A ADP A A 三种不同JA 蛋白介导的转运 的离子1B 原发主动转运继发主动转运 被动转运 [主动转运 1:对流扩散,溶于水中的离子借助于水流排出细胞外;2:简单扩散,为脂溶性物 质进入细胞的方式;3:通道介导的扩散,离子通过蛋白构成的孔道(通道)顺电化 学梯度进入细胞,通道开闭受电压、化学物质和机械力等的门控;4:载体介导的扩 散,离子在载体蛋白的帮助下,顺膜内外电化学梯度进行转运;5:ATP介导的转运, 以ATP水解提供能量,离子逆膜内外电化学梯度进行转运;6同向转运,在主动转 运一种离子的同时,带动另一种离子作同方向转运;7:反向转运,在主动转运一种 离子的同时,带动另一种离子作反方向转运
1. Excretion of inorganic ion