Chapter 7 FOUNDATIONS TDROBBI NS ACOULTER OF PLANNING ©Prentice Hall,.2002 7-1
Chapter 7 FOUNDATIONS OF PLANNING © Prentice Hall, 2002 7-1
Learning Objectives You should learn to: -Define planning Explain why managers plan Describe what role goals play in planning Distinguish among the different types of plans -Tell how goals are established Describe the characteristics of well-designed goals ©Prentice Hall,2002 7-2
Learning Objectives You should learn to: – Define planning – Explain why managers plan – Describe what role goals play in planning – Distinguish among the different types of plans – Tell how goals are established – Describe the characteristics of well-designed goals © Prentice Hall, 2002 7-2
Learning Objectives (cont. You should learn to: Identify three contingency factors in planning Explain the approaches to developing plans Discuss the criticisms of planning Describe what it takes to effectively plan in a dynamic environment ©Prentice Hall,.2002 7-3
Learning Objectives (cont.) You should learn to: – Identify three contingency factors in planning – Explain the approaches to developing plans – Discuss the criticisms of planning – Describe what it takes to effectively plan in a dynamic environment © Prentice Hall, 2002 7-3
What Is Planning？ Planning -involves defining the organization's goals,establishing an overall strategy,and developing a comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate organizational work informall planning-nothing is written down little or no sharing of goals general and lacking in continuity -formal planning-written defines specific goals specific action programs exist to achieve goals ©Prentice Hal,2002 7-4
What Is Planning? Planning – involves defining the organization’s goals, establishing an overall strategy, and developing a comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate organizational work – informal planning - nothing is written down • little or no sharing of goals • general and lacking in continuity – formal planning - written • defines specific goals • specific action programs exist to achieve goals © Prentice Hall, 2002 7-4
Why Do Managers Plan? Purposes of Planning planning is the primary management function that establishes the basis for all other management functions planning establishes coordinated effort planning reduces uncertainty planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities planning establishes goals and standards used in controlling ©Prentice Hall,2002 7-5
Why Do Managers Plan? Purposes of Planning – planning is the primary management function that establishes the basis for all other management functions – planning establishes coordinated effort – planning reduces uncertainty – planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities – planning establishes goals and standards used in controlling © Prentice Hall, 2002 7-5