Conductors,semiconductors and Insulators Conduction LUMO:the Lowest band CB CB Unoccupied MO Band 最低空轨道 g叩 % 带隙 VB HOMO:the Highest Valence VB band Occupied MO Metal Semiconductor Insulator 最高占有轨道 Copyright 2009 Pearson Prentice Hall,inc 导带 空带 空带 Most antibonding 000o 价带 价带 导体 半导体 绝缘体 Many Number of interacting atoms
Conductors, semiconductors and Insulators Conduction band Valence band Band gap LUMO: the Lowest Unoccupied MO HOMO: the Highest Occupied MO 带隙 最低空轨道 最高占有轨道
Bonding in Semiconductor 元素半导体 带隙 Elemental Band gap VBT Semiconductors, (e) C 5.5 Si 1.1 Ge 0.67 Sn 0.08 Pb ? 化合物半导体 Compound Band gap Semiconductors, (ev) GaP 2.2 GaAs 1.43 GaP AS1-x 2.2l.43 CdS 2.4 CdSn 1.7 CdTe 1.44
Bonding in Semiconductor Elemental Band gap Semiconductors, (eV) C 5.5 Si 1.1 Ge 0.67 Sn 0.08 Pb ? VBT 元素半导体 带隙 Pb ? Compound Band gap Semiconductors, (eV) GaP 2.2 GaAs 1.43 GaPxAs1-x 2.2 ～1.43 CdS 2.4 CdSn 1.7 CdTe 1.44 化合物半导体
Doping N-style Semiconductor Neutral! Dopant:the atoms from -nergy Explanation the group 54,such as P. CB CB 十4 +41 K3IuH VB VB Intrinsic n-Type N-type Heat added or Negatively charged electrons in in External Electric Field the conduction band increased
N-style Semiconductor Doping Energy Explanation Dopant: the atoms from the group 5A, such as P. Neutral! N-type Heat added or Negatively charged electrons in in External Electric Field the conduction band increased
P-style Semiconductor Dopant:the atoms from the group 34, Neutral! Such as Al,Ga,In. Atomic Explanation Energy Explanation 4 CB CB K3.1Oug 十4 VB VB P-type Intrinsic Positive holes in the PType materials increased. Holes can conduct too
P-style Semiconductor Atomic Explanation Energy Explanation Dopant: the atoms from the group 3A, Such as Al, Ga, In. Energy Explanation Neutral! Heat added or in External Electric Field P-type Positive holes in the materials increased. Holes can conduct too
Chapter 11 Intermolecular forces 11.1 A molecular comparison of gases, liquids and solids 11.2 Intermolecular Forces 11.3 Some Properties of Liquids 11.4 Phase Changes 11.5 Vapor pressure 11.6 Phase Diagrams 11.8 Bonding in solids
Chapter 11 Intermolecular Forces 11.1 A molecular comparison of gases, liquids and solids 11.2 Intermolecular Forces 11.3 Some Properties of Liquids 11.4 Phase Changes 11.5 Vapor pressure 11.6 Phase Diagrams 11.8 Bonding in solids