AUTONOMIC SOMATI SyoPadrone modulaon Sympathetic Parasympathetic ansmtte Acetylchollne Acetylcholine no ganglle ● ● ● Adrenal medulla Postganglionic neurons Epin thblgd Norepinephrine Acetylcholine Acetyicho ● Adrenergic recepto 乡e Effector organs Strlated m Flgure 3.6 the neurotransmitters released and the types of receptors found within the auonomic nervous systems. [Note:This schematic diagram does not show that the parasympathetic ganglia are close to or on the surface of the effector organs and that the postganglionic fibers are usually shorter than the preganglionic fibers
acetylcholine Termed Cholinergic.Acetylcholine mediates the transmission of nerve impulses across autonomic ganglia in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
acetylcholine ◼ Termed Cholinergic. Acetylcholine mediates the transmission of nerve impulses across autonomic ganglia in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Norepinephrine and epinephrine Called adrenergic In the sympathetic system, norepinephrine mediates the transmission of nerve impulses from autonomic postganglionic nerves to effector organs
Norepinephrine and epinephrine ◼ Called adrenergic In the sympathetic system, norepinephrine mediates the transmission of nerve impulses from autonomic postganglionic nerves to effector organs
Second messenger systems in intracellular response Phosphorylation of intracellular proteins or changes in the conductivity of ion channels
Second messenger systems in intracellular response ◼ Phosphorylation of intracellular proteins or changes in the conductivity of ion channels
Cholinergic agonists Overview The cholinergic drugs act on receptor that are activated by acetylcholine. o Direct acting:acetylcholine, bethanechol, carbachol,pilocarpine Indirect acting(reversible):edrophonium,neostigmine, Indirect acting(irreversible):echothiophate
Cholinergic agonists ◼ Overview The cholinergic drugs act on receptor that are activated by acetylcholine. ◼ Direct acting: acetylcholine, bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine Indirect acting(reversible): edrophonium, neostigmine, Indirect acting(irreversible): echothiophate