The English Proceedings of the College of Instrumentation&Electrical Engineering.n University,in the Second Halfof 013 WM2 ig3DC/DC inverte leeds to be Charge The system ente standby mode End Fig4 System program flow chart 2.2 Charging subroutine design charge current will gradually be reduced to zero,the irst stage is the constant voltage charging.the charging voltage can be set,when the charging voltage charged,the"fully charged"indicator is lit green.As reaches 4.2V,is transferred to the second stage,that is the mobile phone's battery and charging distance are 4.2V constant voltage charging.constant voltage different,electricity charged into the mobile phone charging current will increase gradually decreased battery is different.The capacity of the ithum battery over time.until the charge curent drops to 10mA.i of Small wasps and HTCONEX are 1420mAh and indicates that the battery has been charged to the rated 2000mAh used in the experiment.For example,the capacity of 90%to 95%.At this point it can be third row of Table I:Lithium Output voltage 3.7v, considered basic full,if we continue to charge it,the transmitter terminal voltage and current of 12V and 4
期 The English Proceedings of the College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, in the Second Half of 2013 4 AR1 LM358 R20 1K AD1 C5 0.1UF AD0 1 (+)1 2 (-)1 3 FB 4 DTC 5 CT 6 RT 7 GND 8 C1 10 E2 9 E1 C2 251 12 VCC 13 OC 14 RO 15 (-)2 16 (+)2 RP1 KA7500B T1 PNP R15 100 R3 510 D4 IN5819 L1 100uH C3 470uF C2 470uF USB+ USBR2 6.49k R18 10K R29 1K C9 0.1UF C10 0.01UF C13 0.01UF R34 10K R32 300 C11 3.3UF PWM1 PWM2 R22 590 R23 590 R30 20k C8 0.1UF 100K R21 R16 100k R24 R26 100k 1K +5V D2 SR260 R33 20K R25470 差分放大电路 RC滤波 RC滤波 RC滤波 R4 0.05 C4 0.1UF R5 10k Vin 1 GND 2 Vout 3 U1 LM2940 C1470uF +5 D1 LED R1 1K R28 10K R31 1K D3 SR260 90uH L2 USB 单片机电源 N2 N2 Fig.3 DC/DC inverter Fig.4 System program flow chart 2.2 Charging subroutine design Charging process is divided into two phases, the first stage is the constant voltage charging, the charging voltage can be set, when the charging voltage reaches 4.2V, is transferred to the second stage, that is 4.2V constant voltage charging, constant voltage charging current will increase gradually decreased over time, until the charge current drops to 10mA, it indicates that the battery has been charged to the rated capacity of 90% to 95%.At this point it can be considered basic full, if we continue to charge it, the charge current will gradually be reduced to zero, the battery is fully charged. Specific charging process, "charge" red light is lit; when the battery is fully charged, the "fully charged" indicator is lit green. As the mobile phone's battery and charging distance are different, electricity charged into the mobile phone battery is different. The capacity of the lithium battery of Small wasps and HTCONEX are 1420mAh and 2000mAh used in the experiment. For example, the third row of Table I: Lithium Output voltage 3.7v, transmitter terminal voltage and current of 12V and Start Initializatio Needs to be Charge monitoring The system enters standby mode End
Ding Xiaoxu ete:Microcontroller-based mobile wireless charger design AD73311 universal analog front-end principle and Pus=3.7×2×0.4=3.0m its application in speech processing Electronic technology,1999(8):53-55 PLmch =12x1=12w 7=n=30×100%=25% Form I The actual charge Phone Charge into the Time(min) Distance electricity (cm) Small 30% 30 6 wasp Small 40% 30 HTONEX 40% 60 5 HTONEX 10% 30 8 3CONCLUSIONS This design enables the transmission distance of 5-10cm,it is suitable for most mobile phones interface, a wireless charging.and it solves the issue that wired design,so easy to debug and troubleshooting But charging a bit low,the transmission distance is shorter. if in-depth study,by increasing the supply voltage to 24V or increasing radius of the coil.If PWM can be produced chips.whichcan reduce the burden on the microcontroller,and can improve the circuit output accuracy. References [1]Xiao Zhijian,Han Zhenyu,Li Shaozhuo about the new wireless charging portable electronic device system research []Automation and Applications 2007,12:114-116. [2]Digital Voice Systems.Inc.AMBE1000 Vocoder ChipUsers Manual Version 4.1 [M]2004-04. [3]Zhou Ligong.Zhang.Easy ARM7 [M].Beijing Aerospace University Press,2005:52-53.70-90. [4]Zhang Xin Yi,Luton Lu,Zhang Youwei
Ding Xiaoxu etc.: Microcontroller-based mobile wireless charger design 5 1A. PRMS = 3.7 × 2× 0.4 = 3.0w PLaunch =12×1 =12w 100% 25% 12 3.0 = = × = Launh RMS P P η Form.1 The actual charge Phone Charge into the electricity Time（min） Distance （cm） Small wasp 30% 30 6 Small wasp 40% 30 5 HTONEX 40% 60 5 HTONEX 10% 30 8 3 CONCLUSIONS This design enables the transmission distance of 5-10cm, it is suitable for most mobile phones interface, a wireless charging, and it solves the issue that wired charging port is not compatible inconvenient to carry .System hardware and software are modular in design, so easy to debug and troubleshooting.But charging a bit low, the transmission distance is shorter, if in-depth study, by increasing the supply voltage to 24V or increasing radius of the coil. If PWM can be produced by separate chips, which can reduce the burden on the microcontroller, and can improve the circuit output accuracy. References [1] Xiao Zhijian, Han Zhenyu, Li Shaozhuo about the new wireless charging portable electronic device system research [J]. Automation and Applications 2007,12:114-116. [2] Digital Voice Systems. Inc. AMBE1000 Vocoder ChipUsers Manual Version 4.1 [M] .2004-04. [3] Zhou Ligong, Zhang. Easy ARM7 [M]. Beijing: Aerospace University Press,2005:52-53,70-90. [4] Zhang Xin Yi, Luton Lu, Zhang Youwei. AD73311 universal analog front-end principle and its application in speech processing [J]. Electronic technology, 1999 (8) :53-55
The English Proceedings of the College of Instru ion&Electrical Engineering.n University,in the Second Half of 013 Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Device Design Based on STM32 Luo Yin,Lu Hongzhou,Zhao Yu,Wang Jun College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering.Jilin University.Changchun 130012. China Abstract-We put forward a new design of pedestrian dead reckoning device based on the portability and practicality.The device uses lsM303DLHC integrated with a three-dimensional ascelerometer and an eleetronis compassand MPU3050 the mationof Pedestrian.T Cortex-M3 dead-reckoning information of pedestrian on a TFTLCD.Experiments prove that the device has the high precision of dead-reckoning and satisfies the requirement of practical application. Key words-STM32F103RBT6:multi-sensor:heading:step count:track display sofware on the computer,it is not very useful,while in INTRODUCTION the outdoor,the portability of the computer is not high so the development of a portable.practical pedestrian IN the wild woodlands,rocky areas or the urban region dead reckoning device is very necessary for the above of design shortcomings combined with the characteristics ng navigatio of pedestrians dead recko ingwe design a portable will descend because of the signal block,it even can't and practical pedestrian dead reckoning device.It uses finish positioning in some circumstances.Therefore in three-dimensional accelerometer and electronic recent years self-contained positioning scheme based compass integrated chip LSM303DLHC and on movement characteristics for pedestrians has gyroscope integrated chip MPU3050.multiple sensors become a research hot po Most of the accuracy y of collected i solutions use wearable to complet movement.and ARM Cortex .M3 pedestrian dead reckoning(PDR).such as Lei FangI micro-controller core STM32F103RBT6 as a data extracted motion information by the sensors worn or processing unit The real-time processing pedestrian the pedestrian waist and transmitted the informatior dead reckoning information is displaved on a to the computer to complete pedestrian dead TFTLCD,which has high data processing accuracy reckoning Laur Ojeda2]set the gyroscope and also meet the needs of portability and practicality three-dimensional accelerometer on the foot to extrac information then transmitted it to a computer and use 1 SYSTEM COMPOSITION AND WORKING PRINCIPLE Matlab software for 3D image processing.SUN Zuolei[]used the particle filter and probabilistic The pedestrian dead reckoning device contains a neural network to identify andflte heading sensc motion information and improved the accuracy of a display module,the specific composition diagram is pedestrian dead reckoning.However,the information shown in Figure I. of PDR of these designs is produced by specialized
期 The English Proceedings of the College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, in the Second Half of 2013 6 Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Device Design Based on STM32 Luo Yin,Lu Hongzhou,Zhao Yu,Wang Jun College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering,JiLin University,Changchun 130012， China Abstract—We put forward a new design of pedestrian dead reckoning device based on the portability and practicality.The device uses LSM303DLHC integrated with a three-dimensional accelerometer and an electronic compass,and MPU3050 integrated with a gyroscope to collect the real-time movement information of pedestrian.The Cortex-M3 core STM32F103RBT6 in the device collects data produced by the sensors,performs pedestrian dead reckoning and displays the dead-reckoning information of pedestrian on a TFTLCD.Experiments prove that the device has the high precision of dead-reckoning and satisfies the requirement of practical application. Key words—STM32F103RBT6;multi-sensor;heading;step count；track display INTRODUCTION IN the wild woodlands, rocky areas or the urban region located with skyscrapers,the positioning accuracy of global satellite positioning navigation system(GPRS) will descend because of the signal block,it even can’t finish positioning in some circumstances.Therefore in recent years,self-contained positioning scheme based on movement characteristics for pedestrians has become a research hot spot.Most of the adopted solutions use wearable multi-sensor to complete pedestrian dead reckoning(PDR),such as Lei Fang[1] extracted motion information by the sensors worn on the pedestrian waist and transmitted the information to the computer to complete pedestrian dead reckoning.Lauro Ojeda[2] set the gyroscope and three-dimensional accelerometer on the foot to extract information then transmitted it to a computer and use Matlab software for 3D image processing.SUN Zuolei[3] used the particle filter and probabilistic neural network to identify and filter the pedestrian motion information and improved the accuracy of pedestrian dead reckoning.However, the information of PDR of these designs is produced by specialized software on the computer,it is not very useful,while in the outdoor, the portability of the computer is not high, so the development of a portable, practical pedestrian dead reckoning device is very necessary.For the above design shortcomings combined with the characteristics of pedestrians dead reckoning,we design a portable and practical pedestrian dead reckoning device.It uses three-dimensional accelerometer and electronic compass integrated chip LSM303DLHC and gyroscope integrated chip MPU3050, multiple sensors ensure the accuracy of collected information of pedestrian movement,and ARM Cortex-M3 micro-controller core STM32F103RBT6 as a data processing unit.The real-time processing pedestrian dead reckoning information is displayed on a TFTLCD, which has high data processing accuracy and also meet the needs of portability and practicality. 1 SYSTEM COMPOSITION AND WORKING PRINCIPLE The pedestrian dead reckoning device contains a heading sensor module, a data processing module and a display module, the specific composition diagram is shown in Figure 1
Luo Yin etc.:Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Device Design Based on STM32 Accelerometer Elect- Data Data ronic compass SDCard LSMB03DLHC STMB2F103 RBT6 RBT6 Gyroscope PU3050 9320 Figure 1 Block diagram of the systen The three-dimensional senso module is divided 128KB.RAM memory capacity of 20KB.Has eight into the triaxial accelerometer and electronic compass timer counters,3 SPL,2 IIC,3 UART,I USB,I CAM integrated chip LSM303DLHC and gyroscope and other communication ports.these ports are fully integrated chip MPU3050 and micro-controller able to meet the needs in the design process. STM32F103RBT6 for data processing.The The STM32F103RBT6 chip is supplied with 3.3V three-dimensional sensor module is placed on the the external p SV batteries,so waist of the pedestrian while it is working.the a buck chip AMS1117-3.3 is adopted,the outpu three-dimensional accelerometer collects the voltage can be lowered and stabilized at 3.3V,with 1% acceleration in three directions,use it to calculate the accuracy. tilt angle and the pitch angle and estimates the numbe 2.2 Three-dimensional sensor module design of steps and stride of the pedestr an. The LSM303DLHC chip can work in 2.16V~3.6V compcolcreal-tim re low voltage,the measurement range of its buil-ir of pedestrian.The gyroscope measured three axis three-dimensional accelerometer measurement range angular velocity to correct the calculated pitch angle is±2g~±16g.the measurement range ofof the and the tilt angle in the unit time.The MCU is electronic compass range can be 1.3 ~+8.1 gauss responsible for converting raw sensor datauses the The micro-controller performs the IIc bus through the SCL and the SDA module.The core data proces ing module also uses pin.While the contents of register CTRLREG4 is single STM32F103RBT6 chip.while it is seria edited the three dimensional acceleration measurement communicating with the three-dimensional senso range can be set.and the electronic compass range can module.the required data of PDR is stored through the be set through the register CRB REG M.Its FAT32 file system in a SD card at the same time.The s is shown in Figure 2 TFTLCD ILI9320.when the MPU3050 works in 2.1V 3.6V low voltage,its pedestrian needs to view the current information of built-in three-axis gyroscope can measure the direction PDR the micro-controller calls up the original data via of±250。/s~±2000。/s angular the FAT32 file system from the SD card and performs displacement.Editing the content of its register PDR,then the track of pedestrian will be displayed on DIPF FS can choosevscope'working range. theTFTLCD. while the micro-contoe r reac out the original data of registers X_OFFS_USRH L 2 HARDWARE DESIGN Y OFFS USRH/L.Z OFFS USRH/L through the IIC bus,and its peripheral circuits is shown in Figure 3. 2.1 Master chip and peripheral circuit design The maste and the slave botha STs ARM Cortex-M3 core with industrial-grade control chip STM32F103RBT6,it has 72MHz clock frequency,the internal ROM storage capacity of
Luo Yin etc.: Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Device Design Based on STM32 7 Figure 1 Block diagram of the system The three-dimensional sensor module is divided into the triaxial accelerometer and electronic compass integrated chip LSM303DLHC and gyroscope integrated chip MPU3050 and micro-controller STM32F103RBT6 for data processing.The three-dimensional sensor module is placed on the waist of the pedestrian while it is working,the three-dimensional accelerometer collects the acceleration in three directions, use it to calculate the tilt angle and the pitch angle and estimates the number of steps and stride of the pedestrian.The electronic compass collects real-time heading data real time data of pedestrian.The gyroscope measured three axis angular velocity to correct the calculated pitch angle and the tilt angle in the unit time.The MCU is responsible for converting raw sensor data,uses the serial port for communication with the data processing module. The core data processing module also uses a single STM32F103RBT6 chip,while it is serial communicating with the three-dimensional sensor module, the required data of PDR is stored through the FAT32 file system in a SD card at the same time.The display module uses TFTLCD ILI9320, when the pedestrian needs to view the current information of PDR,the micro-controller calls up the original data via the FAT32 file system from the SD card and performs PDR,then the track of pedestrian will be displayed on the TFTLCD. 2 HARDWARE DESIGN 2.1 Master chip and peripheral circuit design The master and the slave micro-controllers both are ST's ARM Cortex-M3 core with industrial-grade control chip STM32F103RBT6, it has 72MHz clock frequency, the internal ROM storage capacity of 128KB, RAM memory capacity of 20KB. Has eight timer counters, 3 SPI, 2 IIC, 3 UART, 1 USB, 1 CAN and other communication ports, these ports are fully able to meet the needs in the design process. The STM32F103RBT6 chip is supplied with 3.3V voltage , the external power supply is 5V batteries, so a buck chip AMS1117-3.3 is adopted, the output voltage can be lowered and stabilized at 3.3V,with 1% accuracy. 2.2 Three-dimensional sensor module design The LSM303DLHC chip can work in 2.16V ~ 3.6V low voltage, the measurement range of its built-in three-dimensional accelerometer measurement range is ± 2g ~ ± 16g, the measurement range of of the electronic compass range can be ± 1.3 ~ ± 8.1 gauss, The micro-controller performs the IIC bus communication through the SCL and the SDA pin.While the contents of register CTRL_REG4 is edited,the three dimensional acceleration measurement range can be set, and the electronic compass range can be set through the register CRB_REG_M.Its peripheral circuits is shown in Figure 2. MPU3050 works in 2.1V ~ 3.6V low voltage, its built-in three-axis gyroscope can measure the direction of ± 250 ° / s ~ ± 2000 ° / s angular displacement.Editing the content of its register DLPF_FS can choose gyroscope’s working range, while the micro-controller read out the six-axis original data of registers X_OFFS_USRH / L, Y_OFFS_USRH / L, Z_OFFS_USRH / L through the IIC bus,and its peripheral circuits is shown in Figure 3
The English Proceedings of the College of Instru tion&Electrical Engineering.n University,in the Second Half of 013 Figure 2 LSM303DLHC schem Figure 3 MPU3050 schematic 2.3 Data storage and display module design The master micro-controller which is responsible SD CAR for PDR communicates with the three-dimensional CDD CM M國 sensor module through the serial port,they are set to VCC3.3 the same baud rate.Since the built-in RAM capacity SPII SCK of STM32F103RBT6 is only 20KB. and dead reckoning data used in the process is much larger than 11 the amount of memory capacity.the FAT32 file system is used to help the host micro-controller store data into an SD card.the micro-controller write or read data via SPI interface,the data storage module schematic is sd card shown in Figure 4. Figure 5 Display module schematic The display module uses TFTLCD ILI9320 produced by the llitek,the operating voltage is 3.3V,it 3 SOFTWARE DESIGN has a resolution of 320x240,16-bit bidirectional data line,the micro-controller via the WR pin to write the 3.1 Dead reckoning principle TFTLCD read ou dat through the The motion of pedestrian can be considered as RD pin,the schematic of the display module is shown two-dimensional motion in general4,connectior in Figure 5. between the two foothold in a step cycle can be considered as a straight line.When the data sampling time is a step cycle,the information of pedestrian at the end of the current ycle can be calculated by the length and heading angle information sampled at end of the last sample cvcle.Showed in two-dimensional xy coordinate plane.let us suppose that the orientation of the pedestrian in initial time is (),the 33 orientation of an arbitrary time is (x yt),within each sampling period walker steps is S,heading angle 3i T CLK TFT LCD is A.then a step in accordance with the sampling period is T.According to the principle of recursive,the orientation of pedestrian at any time t may be ssed as:
期 The English Proceedings of the College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, in the Second Half of 2013 8 Figure 2 LSM303DLHC schematic Figure 3 MPU3050 schematic 2.3 Data storage and display module design The master micro-controller which is responsible for PDR communicates with the three-dimensional sensor module through the serial port, they are set to the same baud rate. Since the built-in RAM capacity of STM32F103RBT6 is only 20KB, and dead reckoning data used in the process is much larger than the amount of memory capacity, the FAT32 file system is used to help the host micro-controller store data into an SD card, the micro-controller write or read data via SPI interface, the data storage module schematic is shown in Figure 4. The display module uses TFTLCD ILI9320 produced by the Ilitek,the operating voltage is 3.3V, it has a resolution of 320 × 240, 16-bit bidirectional data line, the micro-controller via the WR pin to write the data into the TFTLCD and read out data through the RD pin, the schematic of the display module is shown in Figure 5. Figure 4 Data storage module schematic Figure 5 Display module schematic 3 SOFTWARE DESIGN 3.1 Dead reckoning principle The motion of pedestrian can be considered as two-dimensional motion in general[4], connection between the two foothold in a step cycle can be considered as a straight line.When the data sampling time is a step cycle, the information of pedestrian at the end of the current cycle can be calculated by the orientation information with the sampling period stride length and heading angle information sampled at end of the last sample cycle.Showed in two-dimensional xy coordinate plane, let us suppose that the orientation of the pedestrian in initial time is (x0 , y0), the orientation of an arbitrary time is (xt , yt), within each sampling period walker steps is S, heading angle is A, then a step in accordance with the sampling period is T. According to the principle of recursive, the orientation of pedestrian at any time t may be expressed as: