Figure 5-10.Example drainage detail using a blanket drain with chimney drain (Collin et5-16al.,2002)5-17Figure 5-14.Exampledetailfor wall thatmay experience inundation5-19Figure 5-12.Example MSE wall overflow sill at top of wallFigure 5-13.5-20Exampledrainage swale near top of wall. (b)Collin et al.,2002).Figure 5-14.(a)Examplegeomembranebarrierdetails, (b)Installationofgeomembranedeicing salt runoff barrier, (c)Geomembrane installation around manhole5-22penetration.Figure 5-15.Example of undesirable water seepage through pavement due to deficient,5-23grades (Collin et al., 2002)...5-24Figure 5-16.ExampleofsurfaceflowerosionatthebottomofanMsEwallFigure 5-17.Examples of avoiding a vertical obstruction without severing soil...5-37reinforcementsFigure 5-18.Vertical obstructions in reinforced soil mass with segmental precast facing5-39unitsFigure 5-19.Example of a structural frame around vertical obstruction (a) with segmentalprecast facing - note that vertically adjacent layers of reinforcement to beseparated by a minimum of 3-in. (75 mm)of wall fill, (b)-(c)with modular5-40block face - note corner detail.Figure 5-20.Example details of reinforcements around vertical obstructions in reinforced5-41soilmasswithmodularblockunits.Figure 5-21.Navigating horizontal obstruction in MSE walls with inextensible5-43reinforcementsFigure 5-22.Navigatinghorizontal obstructioninMSEwallswithextensible5-43reinforcementFigure 5-23.5-44Exampleofbackuppanelsforlargehorizontal obstructions...5-45Figure 5-24.Examplepipepenetrations through segmental precastpanel facing units5-46Figure 5-25.Example pipepenetration through modular block facing units.Figure 5-26.5-48Example slip joints for segmental precast panel facings..5-49Figure 5-27.ExampleslipjointformodularblockwallfacingsFigure 5-28.5-50Examplelayout of geogrid reinforcement for walls with curves.5-51Figure 5-29.Example corner details5-53Figure 5-30.Conceptual connection details for a 2-stage facing systemFigure 5-31.Common joint details between segmental precast panelfacing units and CIP5-55structuresFigure 5-32.Common joint between modularblock facing units and CIP structures5-555-58Figure 5-33.ExampleofMSEwallaesthetics5-59Figure 5-34.Examples of cast-in-place abutment toMSEwall panel transitions.Figure 6-1.6-2TypesofcomplexMSEstructuresFigure 6-2.Geometry definition, location of critical failure surface and variation of K, and6-4F* parameters for analysis of a MSEW abutment on spread footingFigure 6-3.6-7Details of a typical pile supported MSE abutmentFigure 6-4.Geometry definition and typical supplemental lateral pressure distribution.6-9from deepfoundation on MSEwallfaceFigure 6-5.Example of use of a geosynthetic wrapped face wall behind an integral6-12abutment.FHWA NHI-10-024TableofContentsMSEWallsandRSS-VolIXVNovember2009
Figure 5-10. Example drainage detail using a blanket drain with chimney drain (Collin et al., 2002) . 5-16 Figure 5-14. Example detail for wall that may experience inundation. 5-17 Figure 5-12. Example MSE wall overflow sill at top of wall. 5-19 Figure 5-13. Example drainage swale near top of wall. ((b) Collin et al., 2002) . 5-20 Figure 5-14. (a) Example geomembrane barrier details, (b) Installation of geomembrane deicing salt runoff barrier, (c) Geomembrane installation around manhole penetration. 5-22 Figure 5-15. Example of undesirable water seepage through pavement due to deficient grades (Collin et al., 2002). 5-23 Figure 5-16. Example of surface flow erosion at the bottom of an MSE wall . 5-24 Figure 5-17. Examples of avoiding a vertical obstruction without severing soil reinforcements. 5-37 Figure 5-18. Vertical obstructions in reinforced soil mass with segmental precast facing units . 5-39 Figure 5-19. Example of a structural frame around vertical obstruction (a) with segmental precast facing - note that vertically adjacent layers of reinforcement to be separated by a minimum of 3-in. (75 mm) of wall fill, (b)-(c) with modular block face – note corner detail . 5-40 Figure 5-20. Example details of reinforcements around vertical obstructions in reinforced soil mass with modular block units. 5-41 Figure 5-21. Navigating horizontal obstruction in MSE walls with inextensible reinforcements. 5-43 Figure 5-22. Navigating horizontal obstruction in MSE walls with extensible reinforcement . 5-43 Figure 5-23. Example of backup panels for large horizontal obstructions . 5-44 Figure 5-24. Example pipe penetrations through segmental precast panel facing units . 5-45 Figure 5-25. Example pipe penetration through modular block facing units . 5-46 Figure 5-26. Example slip joints for segmental precast panel facings . 5-48 Figure 5-27. Example slip joint for modular block wall facings . 5-49 Figure 5-28. Example layout of geogrid reinforcement for walls with curves. 5-50 Figure 5-29. Example corner details. 5-51 Figure 5-30. Conceptual connection details for a 2-stage facing system . 5-53 Figure 5-31. Common joint details between segmental precast panel facing units and CIP structures. 5-55 Figure 5-32. Common joint between modular block facing units and CIP structures . 5-55 Figure 5-33. Example of MSE wall aesthetics . 5-58 Figure 5-34. Examples of cast-in-place abutment to MSE wall panel transitions. 5-59 Figure 6-1. Types of complex MSE structures . 6-2 Figure 6-2. Geometry definition, location of critical failure surface and variation of Kr and F* parameters for analysis of a MSEW abutment on spread footing . 6-4 Figure 6-3. Details of a typical pile supported MSE abutment . 6-7 Figure 6-4. Geometry definition and typical supplemental lateral pressure distribution from deep foundation on MSE wall face . 6-9 Figure 6-5. Example of use of a geosynthetic wrapped face wall behind an integral abutment. 6-12 FHWA NHI-10-024 Table of Contents MSE Walls and RSS – Vol I xv November 2009
6-12Figure 6-6.Exampleabutment seatdetail6-14Figure 6-7.Design rules fora2-tier superimposed MSE wall systemFigure 6-8.Dimensioning of MSE wallwithunevenreinforcement lengths6-176-18Figure 6-9.Back-to-back MSE wallsFigure 6-10.Generic cross-section of a shored MSE (SMSE)wall system for steep terrains..6-19(Morrison et al., 2006)Figure 6-11.Minimumrecommended geometryof a shored MSE wall system in steepterrains, (a)with extension of upper two rows of reinforcement, and (b) withthe upper two rows connected to the shoring wall (Morrison et al., 2006).... 6-21Figure 6-12Location of potential failure surface for internal stability design of shoredMSEwalls(a)extensiblereinforcements,(b)inextensiblereinforcements6-23(Morrisonetal.,2006)Figure 6-13.Distribution of stress from concentrated vertical load for internal and external.....6-23stabilitycalculations(Morrisonetal.,2006).Figure 6-14.Computation for Tmax and evaluation of pullout resistance (after Morrison et..6-25al.,2006)...Figure 6-15.Example global stability and compound failure surfaces (Morrison et al.,6-262006)Figure 6-16.Minimumrecommended geometryof a stablefeatureMSE(SFMSE)wall6-28system..7-3Figure 7-1.Definition of heights for seismic analyses..7-6Figure 7-2.Useofa slope stabilityapproachto compute seismic earth pressureFigure 7-3.Procedurefordeterminationofky(Andersonetal.,2008).7-7Figure 7-4..7-8Boundary between WUS and CEUS (Anderson et al. 2008)7-10Figure 7-5.Seismicinternal stabilityofaMSEwall.Figure 7-6.Comparison of static and dynamic impactforcewith1-inch (25mm)7-15maximum displacement (Bligh et al., 2009)FHWA NHI-10-024Tableof ContentsMSEWallsandRSS-VolIxviNovember2009
Figure 6-6. Example abutment seat detail . 6-12 Figure 6-7. Design rules for a 2-tier superimposed MSE wall system . 6-14 Figure 6-8. Dimensioning of MSE wall with uneven reinforcement lengths . 6-17 Figure 6-9. Back–to–back MSE walls. 6-18 Figure 6-10. Generic cross-section of a shored MSE (SMSE) wall system for steep terrains (Morrison et al., 2006) . 6-19 Figure 6-11. Minimum recommended geometry of a shored MSE wall system in steep terrains, (a) with extension of upper two rows of reinforcement, and (b) with the upper two rows connected to the shoring wall (Morrison et al., 2006) . 6-21 Figure 6-12. Location of potential failure surface for internal stability design of shored MSE walls (a) extensible reinforcements, (b) inextensible reinforcements (Morrison et al., 2006) . 6-23 Figure 6-13. Distribution of stress from concentrated vertical load for internal and external stability calculations (Morrison et al., 2006) . 6-23 Figure 6-14. Computation for TMAX and evaluation of pullout resistance (after Morrison et al., 2006) . 6-25 Figure 6-15. Example global stability and compound failure surfaces (Morrison et al., 2006) . 6-26 Figure 6-16. Minimum recommended geometry of a stable feature MSE (SFMSE) wall system . 6-28 Figure 7-1. Definition of heights for seismic analyses .7-3 Figure 7-2. Use of a slope stability approach to compute seismic earth pressure.7-6 Figure 7-3. Procedure for determination of ky (Anderson et al., 2008) .7-7 Figure 7-4. Boundary between WUS and CEUS (Anderson et al. 2008) .7-8 Figure 7-5. Seismic internal stability of a MSE wall. 7-10 Figure 7-6. Comparison of static and dynamic impact force with 1-inch (25 mm) maximum displacement (Bligh et al., 2009) . 7-15 FHWA NHI-10-024 Table of Contents MSE Walls and RSS – Vol I xvi November 2009
TABLEOFCONTENTS-VolumeIICHAPTER8REINFORCED (STEEPENED)SOIL SLOPESPROJECTEVALUATION.... 8-18.18-1INTRODUCTION8.2.8-1REINFORCEDSOILSLOPESYSTEMS.8-18.2.1TypesofSystems8-28.2.2Construction Materials8.3DESIGN APPROACH.8-2.8-28.3.1Use Considerations.8.3.2.8-4Designof ReinforcementforCompactionAid8.3.3.8-4DesignofReinforcementforSteepeningSlopesand SlopeRepair8.3.48-6Computer-Assisted Design8.3.5.8-8EvaluationofExternal Stability8.48-11CONSTRUCTIONSEQUENCE8.58-15TREATMENTOFOUTWARDFACE.8.5.18-15Grass Type Vegetation8.5.28-16Soil Bioengineering (Woody Vegetation)8-198.5.3Armored8.6..8-20DESIGNDETAILS8.6.1..8-20Guardrail and Traffic Barriers.8.6.2..8-20Drainage Considerations8.6.3..8-21Obstructions8-218.7CASEHISTORIES8.7.18-21TheDickeyLake Roadway Grade Improvement Project8.7.28-24Salmon-Lost Trail Roadway Widening Project8.7.38-26CannonCreekAlternateEmbankmentConstruction Project8.7.48-27Pennsylvania SR54Roadway RepairProject..8-298.7.5Massachusetts Turnpike-Use of Soil Bioengineering8.7.6242-footHigh1H:1VReinforced Soil SlopeforAirportRunway.8-32Extension..8.8.8-34STANDARD RSS DESIGNS...9-1CHAPTER9DESIGNOFREINFORCEDSOILSLOPES9.1.9-1INTRODUCTION9.29-3REINFORCEDSLOPEDESIGNGUIDELINES9.2.1Step 1- Establish the geometric, loading, and performance.9-3requirements for design..9.2.2.9-3Step 2-Determinethe engineering properties ofthe in-situ soils..9.2.3Step 3 - Determine the properties of reinforced fill and, if different, the9-5retained fill9.2.49-5 Step 4 - Evaluate design parameters for the reinforcement .9-59.2.5Step 5 - Check unreinforced stability.9.2.69-7Step 6 -Design reinforcement to provide a stable slope9.2.79-16Step 7- Check external stability.9.2.89-18Step 8 - Seismic stability..9.2.9Step9-Evaluate requirements for subsurfaceand surfacewater runoff9-19controlFHWA NHI-10-024Tableof ContentsxviiMSEWallsandRSS-VolINovember2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS – Volume II CHAPTER 8 REINFORCED (STEEPENED) SOIL SLOPES PROJECT EVALUATION . 8-1 8.1 INTRODUCTION . 8-1 8.2 REINFORCED SOIL SLOPE SYSTEMS . 8-1 8.2.1 Types of Systems . 8-1 8.2.2 Construction Materials . 8-2 8.3 DESIGN APPROACH . 8-2 8.3.1 Use Considerations . 8-2 8.3.2 Design of Reinforcement for Compaction Aid . 8-4 8.3.3 Design of Reinforcement for Steepening Slopes and Slope Repair . 8-4 8.3.4 Computer-Assisted Design . 8-6 8.3.5 Evaluation of External Stability . 8-8 8.4 CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE . 8-11 8.5 TREATMENT OF OUTWARD FACE. 8-15 8.5.1 Grass Type Vegetation. 8-15 8.5.2 Soil Bioengineering (Woody Vegetation) . 8-16 8.5.3 Armored . 8-19 8.6 DESIGN DETAILS . 8-20 8.6.1 Guardrail and Traffic Barriers . 8-20 8.6.2 Drainage Considerations . 8-20 8.6.3 Obstructions . 8-21 8.7 CASE HISTORIES . 8-21 8.7.1 The Dickey Lake Roadway Grade Improvement Project . 8-21 8.7.2 Salmon-Lost Trail Roadway Widening Project . 8-24 8.7.3 Cannon Creek Alternate Embankment Construction Project . 8-26 8.7.4 Pennsylvania SR 54 Roadway Repair Project . 8-27 8.7.5 Massachusetts Turnpike - Use of Soil Bioengineering . 8-29 8.7.6 242-foot High 1H:1V Reinforced Soil Slope for Airport Runway Extension. 8-32 8.8 STANDARD RSS DESIGNS . 8-34 CHAPTER 9 DESIGN OF REINFORCED SOIL SLOPES . 9-1 9.1 INTRODUCTION . 9-1 9.2 REINFORCED SLOPE DESIGN GUIDELINES. 9-3 9.2.1 Step 1 - Establish the geometric, loading, and performance requirements for design. 9-3 9.2.2 Step 2 - Determine the engineering properties of the in-situ soils. 9-3 9.2.3 Step 3 - Determine the properties of reinforced fill and, if different, the retained fill. 9-5 9.2.4 Step 4 - Evaluate design parameters for the reinforcement . 9-5 9.2.5 Step 5 - Check unreinforced stability. 9-5 9.2.6 Step 6 - Design reinforcement to provide a stable slope . 9-7 9.2.7 Step 7 - Check external stability . 9-16 9.2.8 Step 8 - Seismic stability. 9-18 9.2.9 Step 9 - Evaluate requirements for subsurface and surface water runoff control . 9-19 FHWA NHI-10-024 Table of Contents MSE Walls and RSS – Vol I xvii November 2009
9.39-23COMPUTERASSISTEDDESIGN9.49-24PROJECTCOSTESTIMATESCHAPTER1OCONTRACTINGMETHODSANDSPECIFICATIONS10-1FORMSEWALLSANDSLOPES10.110-2POLICYDEVELOPMENT.10-210.2SYSTEMORCOMPONENTAPPROVALS10.3DESIGNANDPERFORMANCECRITERIA10-510.4..10-5AGENCY OR SUPPLIERDESIGN.10-610.4.1Planand ElevationSheets.10-710.4.2 Facing/Panel Details10-710.4.3DrainageFacilities/SpecialDetails10-710.4.4Design Computations.10-710.4.5GeotechnicalReport...10-810.4.6ConstructionSpecifications10.510-8ENDRESULTDESIGNAPPROACH10-910.5.1GeometricRequirements10-910.5.2GeotechnicalRequirements10-910.5.3Structural andDesignRequirements.10-1010.5.4PerformanceRequirements10.6.10-10STANDARDDESIGNS.10-1010.6.1MSEWStandardDesigns10-1210.6.2RSSStandardDesigns10.7REVIEWANDAPPROVALS10-1310.8CONSTRUCTIONSPECIFICATIONSANDSPECIALPROVISIONSFORMSEWANDRSSCONSTRUCTION.10-1410.9EXAMPLESPECIFICATIONFORMSEWALLS10-1510.10CONSTRUCTIONSPECIFICATIONSFORREINFORCED10-41SLOPESYSTEMS10.10.1SpecificationGuidelinesForRSSConstruction(AgencyDesign)10-4210.10.210-46Specification for ErosionControl Mat or Blanket10.10.310-48SpecificationforGeosyntheticDrainageComposite.10.10.4Specification Guidelines forGeosynthetic Reinforced Soil..10-52Slope Systems..11-1CHAPTER11FIELDINSPECTIONANDPERFORMANCEMONITORING11-111.1PRECONSTRUCTIONREVIEWS.11-311.1.1 Plans and Specifications..11-311.1.2ReviewofSiteConditionsandFoundationRequirements11.211-11PREFABRICATEDMATERIALSINSPECTION11.2.1PrecastConcreteElements.11-1111.2.2 Reinforcing Elements...11-13.11-1511.2.3FacingJointMaterials....11-1511.2.4ReinforcedBackfill11.311-16CONSTRUCTIONCONTROL11-1611.3.1 Leveling Pad11.3.2ErectionofFacingElements.11-16FHWA NHI-10-024Tableof ContentsMSEWallsandRSS-VolIxviliNovember2009
9.3 COMPUTER ASSISTED DESIGN . 9-23 9.4 PROJECT COST ESTIMATES . 9-24 CHAPTER 10 CONTRACTING METHODS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR MSE WALLS AND SLOPES. 10-1 10.1 POLICY DEVELOPMENT. 10-2 10.2 SYSTEM OR COMPONENT APPROVALS . 10-2 10.3 DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA . 10-5 10.4 AGENCY OR SUPPLIER DESIGN . 10-5 10.4.1 Plan and Elevation Sheets. 10-6 10.4.2 Facing/Panel Details . 10-7 10.4.3 Drainage Facilities/Special Details. 10-7 10.4.4 Design Computations. 10-7 10.4.5 Geotechnical Report. 10-7 10.4.6 Construction Specifications . 10-8 10.5 END RESULT DESIGN APPROACH . 10-8 10.5.1 Geometric Requirements . 10-9 10.5.2 Geotechnical Requirements . 10-9 10.5.3 Structural and Design Requirements . 10-9 10.5.4 Performance Requirements . 10-10 10.6 STANDARD DESIGNS . 10-10 10.6.1 MSEW Standard Designs . 10-10 10.6.2 RSS Standard Designs . 10-12 10.7 REVIEW AND APPROVALS. 10-13 10.8 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS AND SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR MSEW AND RSS CONSTRUCTION . 10-14 10.9 EXAMPLE SPECIFICATION FOR MSE WALLS . 10-15 10.10 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS FOR REINFORCED SLOPE SYSTEMS . 10-41 10.10.1 Specification Guidelines For RSS Construction (Agency Design) 10-42 10.10.2 Specification for Erosion Control Mat or Blanket. 10-46 10.10.3 Specification for Geosynthetic Drainage Composite. 10-48 10.10.4 Specification Guidelines for Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Slope Systems . 10-52 CHAPTER 11 FIELD INSPECTION AND PERFORMANCE MONITORING. 11-1 11.1 PRECONSTRUCTION REVIEWS. 11-1 11.1.1 Plans and Specifications . 11-3 11.1.2 Review of Site Conditions and Foundation Requirements . 11-3 11.2 PREFABRICATED MATERIALS INSPECTION . 11-11 11.2.1 Precast Concrete Elements. 11-11 11.2.2 Reinforcing Elements. 11-13 11.2.3 Facing Joint Materials. 11-15 11.2.4 Reinforced Backfill . 11-15 11.3 CONSTRUCTION CONTROL . 11-16 11.3.1 Leveling Pad . 11-16 11.3.2 Erection of Facing Elements . 11-16 FHWA NHI-10-024 Table of Contents MSE Walls and RSS – Vol I xviii November 2009
11-2211.3.3ReinforcedFillPlacement,Compaction11-2511.3.4 Placement of ReinforcingElements..11.3.5PlacementofSubsequentFacingCourses(SegmentalFacings)11-2611-3511.4PERFORMANCEMONITORINGPROGRAMS11-3511.4.1PurposeofMonitoringProgram.11-3611.4.2 Limited Monitoring Program.11.4.3ComprehensiveMonitoringProgram11-3711-3711.4.4ProgramImplementation11.4.5Data Interpretation11-40REFERENCES.R-1APPENDICESAPPENDIX ALRFDLOADCOMBINATIONSANDLOADFACTORS,ANDLOADA-1FACTORFOR PERMANENTLOADS..B-1APPENDIX BDETERMINATIONOF PULLOUT RESISTANCEFACTORS...B.1.B-1EMPIRICALPROCEDURESTODETERMINEF*ANDα..B.2..B-2EXPERIMENTALPROCEDURESTODETERMINEF*ANDαB.3CONNECTIONRESISTANCEANDSTRENGTHOFPARTIALANDFULLFRICTIONSEGMENTALBLOCK/REINFORCEMENTFACINGCONNECTIONS..B-5B.4CONNECTIONRESISTANCEDEFINEDWITH.B-12SHORT-TERM TESTINGB.5.B-15REFERENCESAPPENDIX CTYPICALDIMENSIONSOFSTEELREINFORCEMENTS...C-1APPENDIXDDETERMINATIONOECREEPSTRENGTHREDUCTIONFACTORD-1D.1BACKGROUND. D-1D.2STEP-BY-STEPPROCEDURESFOREXTRAPOLATINGSTRESSRUPTUREDATA--CONVENTIONALMETHODD-5D.3STEP-BY-STEPPROCEDURES FOR EXTRAPOLATING STRESSRUPTURE DATA -- STEPPED ISOTHERMAL METHOD (SIM).. D-.10D.4.D-13DETERMINATIONOFRFc...D.5USEOFCREEPDATAFROM"SIMILAR"PRODUCTSANDD-14EVALUATIONOFPRODUCTLINESD.6CREEPEXTRAPOLATIONEXAMPLES USING STRESS..E-16RUPTUREDATA..E-16D.6.1StressRuptureExtrapolationExampleD.7E-20REFERENCESFHWA NHI-10-024Tableof ContentsMSEWallsandRSS-VolIxixNovember2009
11.3.3 Reinforced Fill Placement, Compaction . 11-22 11.3.4 Placement of Reinforcing Elements. 11-25 11.3.5 Placement of Subsequent Facing Courses (Segmental Facings) . 11-26 11.4 PERFORMANCE MONITORING PROGRAMS . 11-35 11.4.1 Purpose of Monitoring Program . 11-35 11.4.2 Limited Monitoring Program . 11-36 11.4.3 Comprehensive Monitoring Program . 11-37 11.4.4 Program Implementation . 11-37 11.4.5 Data Interpretation . 11-40 REFERENCES .R-1 APPENDICES APPENDIX A LRFD LOAD COMBINATIONS AND LOAD FACTORS, AND LOAD FACTOR FOR PERMANENT LOADS . A-1 APPENDIX B DETERMINATION OF PULLOUT RESISTANCE FACTORS .B-1 B.1 EMPIRICAL PROCEDURES TO DETERMINE F* AND α .B-1 B.2 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES TO DETERMINE F* AND α .B-2 B.3 CONNECTION RESISTANCE AND STRENGTH OF PARTIAL AND FULL FRICTION SEGMENTAL BLOCK/REINFORCEMENT FACING CONNECTIONS .B-5 B.4 CONNECTION RESISTANCE DEFINED WITH SHORT-TERM TESTING .B-12 B.5 REFERENCES .B-15 APPENDIX C TYPICAL DIMENSIONS OF STEEL REINFORCEMENTS .C-1 APPENDIX D DETERMINATION OF CREEP STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTOR . D-1 D.1 BACKGROUND . D-1 D.2 STEP-BY-STEP PROCEDURES FOR EXTRAPOLATING STRESS RUPTURE DATA - CONVENTIONAL METHOD . D-5 D.3 STEP-BY-STEP PROCEDURES FOR EXTRAPOLATING STRESS RUPTURE DATA - STEPPED ISOTHERMAL METHOD (SIM) . D-10 D.4 DETERMINATION OF RFCR . D-13 D.5 USE OF CREEP DATA FROM "SIMILAR" PRODUCTS AND EVALUATION OF PRODUCT LINES . D-14 D.6 CREEP EXTRAPOLATION EXAMPLES USING STRESS RUPTURE DATA .E-16 D.6.1 Stress Rupture Extrapolation Example .E-16 D.7 REFERENCES .E-20 FHWA NHI-10-024 Table of Contents MSE Walls and RSS – Vol I xix November 2009