2 Poor thermal stability ammonium salts of non-oxidizing volatile acids NH CI-A>NH3 (g)+HCI(g) (NH)2 CO3->2NH3 (g)+CO2 (g)+H2O(g) NH,HCO;->NH;(g)+CO2(g)+H2O(g) ammonium salts of non-oxidizing and non- volatile acids (NH)PO-A >3NH3(g)+HPO (NH)2SO>NH;(g)+NH,HSO
ammonium salts of non-oxidizing volatile acids NH HCO NH (g) CO (g) H O(g) (NH ) CO 2NH (g) CO (g) H O(g) NH Cl NH (g) HCl(g) 4 3 3 2 2 4 2 3 3 2 2 4 3 ⎯⎯→ + + ⎯⎯→ + + ⎯⎯→ + Δ Δ Δ ammonium salts of non-oxidizing and nonvolatile acids 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 (NH ) SO NH (g) NH HSO (NH ) PO 3NH (g) H PO ⎯⎯→ + ⎯⎯→ + Δ Δ ② Poor thermal stability
ammonium salts of oxidizing acids NH4NO2A→N2(g)+2H2O NH4)2Cr024→N2(g)+Cr,O,(S)+4H20 5NII,NO,4N,+2TINO,+9,O NH4NO3A→N,O+2H,O
ammonium salts of oxidizing acids NH NO N O 2H O 5NH NO 4 N 2HNO 9H O (NH ) Cr O N (g) Cr O (s) 4H O NH NO N (g) 2H O 4 3 2 2 2 3 2 240 C 4 3 4 2 2 7 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 ⎯⎯→ + ⎯⎯ →⎯ + + ⎯⎯→ + + ⎯⎯→ + Δ ° Δ Δ 催化剂
2.Oxygen compounds of nitrogen Nitrogen oxide (NO)Colorless gas (1s)2(2o)2(3o)2(4o)2(5o)2(1π)4(2)1：paramagnetic Chemical properties: 2NO+O2→2N02 2NO+Cl2→2NOCI(氯化亚硝酰) 3Fe2++NO;+4H*>3Fe*+NO+H,O N2+O2→NO2 Fe(H2O)]2*+NO->[Fe(NO)(H2O)s]2++H2Obrown Preparation: 4NH3(g)+5O2(g) 800c→4NO(g)+6H20 铂丝网 3Cu+8HNO,(稀)→3Cu(NO3)2+2NO+4H2O
2. Oxygen compounds of nitrogen 3Cu + 8HNO 3 ( 稀 ) → 3Cu(NO 3 ) 2 + 2NO + 4H 2 O [ Fe(H O) ] NO [Fe(NO)(H O) ] H O 3Fe NO 4H 3Fe NO H O 2NO Cl 2NOCl( ) 2NO O 2NO 2 2 2 5 2 2 6 2 - 3 3 2 2 2 2 + → + + + → + + + → + → + + + + + 氯化亚硝酰 4NH (g) 5O (g) 4NO(g) 6H 2 O 800 C 3 + 2 ⎯⎯ →⎯ + ° 铂丝网 • Nitrogen oxide (NO) Preparation ： Chemical properties ： Colorless gas brown (1 σ )2 (2 σ )2 (3 σ ) 2 (4 σ ) 2 (5 σ ) 2(1 π ) 4 (2 π ) 1 : paramagnetic N 2 + O 2 → NO 2
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) molecular structure: N:2s22p3; sp2 hybridization (a)3个p轨道 ① Properties: ① toxic,brown gas ② 2N0,(红棕色)是N,0.无色)A<0 ③ 3NO2+H,O→2HNO3+NO ④ react with bases 2NO,+2NaOH->NaNO,+NaNO,+H2O
• Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) N: 2s22p3; sp2 hybridization ① toxic, brown gas ③ 3NO2 + H2O → 2HNO3 + NO ④ react with bases 2NO2 + 2NaOH → NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O molecular structure： Properties： ② （无色）ΔHmΘ 2NO（红棕色） 2 N2O4 <0 冷却 140 Cο 3 Π 3 σ σ Π
3.Nitrogen oxyacids and related salts ·Nitrous acid(HNO2) Molecular structure: N:sp2 hybridization: H 102° 110 0:2s22p4 Preparation: NaNO2 +H2SO>NaHSO+HNO, NO+NO2+H20,冷冻→2HNO2 heat
3. Nitrogen oxyacids and related salts N ：sp 2 hybridization ： 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 2 NO NO H O 2HNO NaNO H SO NaHSO HNO + + ⎯⎯ →⎯ + ⎯⎯→ + 冷冻 冷 π σ σ • Nitrous acid (HNO 2 ) Preparation ： Molecular structure： H O N O 102 。 110 。 heat O: 2s 22p 4