Chapter 15 The p-block elements (III) x§15.1 The halogens x*§15.2 The rare gases x 15.3 The property variations for compounds of p-block elements
Chapter 15 The p-block elements ( Ⅲ ) §15.3 The property variations for compounds of p-block elements * §15.2 The rare gases §15.1 The halogens
§15.1 The halogens 15.1.1 The halogens 15.1.2 The elemental substances 15.1.3 Hydrogen halides 15.1.4 Halides and Polyhalides 15.1.5 halogen oxyacids
§15.1 The halogens 15.1.5 halogen oxyacids 15.1.4 Halides and Polyhalides 15.1.3 Hydrogen halides 15.1.2 The elemental substances 15.1.1 The halogens
15.1.1 The halogens Properties of the halogens: Elements(VII) F CI Br I Valence electron 2s22p5 3s23p5 4s24p5 5s25p5 configuration Atomic radius/pm 64 99 114 133 Electronegativity 3.98 3.16 2.96 2.66 Ionization energy 16811251 1140 /kJmol-1 1008 Electron affinity -328回 -349 -325 -295 energy /kJ.mol-1 Oxidation number -1 1,1,3,5,7
Properties of the halogens ： Elements(VII) F Cl Br I Valence electron 2s 22p5 3s 23p5 4s 24p5 5s 25p 5 configuration Atomic radius/pm 64 99 114 133 Ionization energy /kJ·mol-1 1681 1251 1140 1008 Electronegativity 3.98 2.96 3.16 2.66 Electron affinity energy /kJ·mol-1 -328 -349 -325 -295 Oxidation number - 1 -1 ， 1 ， 3 ， 5 ， 7 15.1.1 The halogens z1
15.1.2 The elemental substances 1.Physical properties of the elemental substances: F2 C12 Br2 State of aggregation g g 1 S Intermolecular force small large b.p./'C -188 -34 59 185 m.p./℃ -220 -102 -7 114 Color pale yellow red-brown yellow-green dark red
1.Physical properties of the elemental substances： State of aggregation g g l s b.p./ ℃ -188 -34 59 185 m.p. / ℃ -220 -102 -7 114 Color pale yellow red-brown yellow-green dark red Intermolecular force small large F 2 Cl2 Br2 I 2 15.1.2 The elemental substances
2.Chemical properties of the elemental substances ·redox properties F2 C2 Br2 12 EΘ(X2/X)/V:2.8891.3601.0774 0.5345 X2 oxidizing ability:strong weak X reducing ability:weak strong Conclusion: Herein,F2:the strongest oxidant,I:the strongest reductant lo
F2 Cl2 Br2 I2 X2 oxidizing ability： strong weak X- reducing ability: • redox properties Herein, F2: the strongest oxidant, I-: the strongest reductant 2. Chemical properties of the elemental substances (X 2 /X )/V： 2.889 1.360 1.0774 0.5345 − E Conclusion： weak strong