Chapter 14 The p-block elements(II) X 14.1 The elements of nitrogen family 14.2 The elements of oxygen family
Chapter 14 The p-block elements( Ⅱ ) §14.2 The elements of oxygen family §14.1 The elements of nitrogen family
14.1 The elements of nitrogen family -14.1.1 Outline on nitrogen family 14.1.2 The elemental substances of nitrogen family 14.1.3 The compounds of nitrogen 14.1.4 The compounds of phosphorus -14.1.5 The compounds of As,Sb and Bi
14.1.5 The compounds of As, Sb and Bi 14.1.4 The compounds of phosphorus 14.1.3 The compounds of nitrogen 14.1.2 The elemental substances of nitrogen family 14.1.1 Outline on nitrogen family §14.1 The elements of nitrogen family
14.1.1 Outline on nitrogen family The elements of nitrogen family(VA):N,P,As,Sb,Bi Valence electron configuration:ns2np3 N P As Sb Bi 氧化值 +5 +5 +5 +5 (+5) +3 +3 +3 +3 -3 -3 -3 (-3) 最大配 4 位数 6 6 6 6 M,O; 酸性 酸性 两性 两性 碱性 MH; NH:PH3 AsH3 SbH3 BiH 碱性减弱，稳定性下降
14.1.1 Outline on nitrogen family The elements of nitro gen famil y(VA) ：N, P, As, Sb, Bi Valence electron configuration ： n s 2 n p 3 N P As Sb Bi +5 +5 +5 (+5) +3 +3 +3 +3 氧化值 +5 | -3 -3 -3 (-3) 最大配 位数 4 6 6 66 M 2 O 3 酸性 酸性 两性 两性 碱性 氨 膦 胂 SbH 3 BiH 3 MH 3 碱性减弱，稳定性下降 NH 3 PH 3 AsH 3 SbH 3 BiH 3
14.1.2 The elemental substances of nitrogen family N,is colorless and odorless gas.N2 is chemically inert.It will react directly with many metals(such as Li,Ca,Mg)when heated to give ionic nitrides. Nitrogen is also easily converted to a liquid (b.p, 195.8'C)and can dissolve in water slightly
N2 is colorless and odorless gas. N2 is chemically inert. It will react directly with many metals (such as Li, Ca, Mg) when heated to give ionic nitrides. Nitrogen is also easily converted to a liquid (b.p, - 195.8°C) and can dissolve in water slightly. 14.1.2 The elemental substances of nitrogen family
The allotropes of phosphorus 黑磷←高温高压 一白磷 隔绝空气400℃→红磷 net framework, P:chemically relatively stable, conductive, active,autoignite in combust at insoluble in org air,soluble in T>400°C,insoluble solv. nonplolar solv. in org.solv. Self-ignite in air白 combustion of P 白磷红磷 磷空气中自燃 磷的燃烧
白磷 红磷 The allotropes of phosphorus 黑磷 ←⎯ ⎯ 高温高压 ⎯⎯⎯ 白磷 ⎯隔绝空气 ⎯ → ⎯⎯⎯400⎯°⎯C 红磷 P4 : chemically active, autoignite in air, soluble in nonplolar solv. relatively stable, combust at T>400°C, insoluble in org. solv. combustion of P 磷的燃烧 Self-ignite in air白 磷空气中自燃 net framework， conductive, insoluble in org. solv