MENOPAUSE1.The cessation of menses ismenopause.The climacteric andperimcnopausal are the periods of waningovarian function
MENOPAUSE • 1.The cessation of menses is menopause.The climacteric and perimcnopausal are the periods of waning ovarian function
90902.Femalelife expectancy8080707060605050Ageofmenopause40401850190019502000Age of menopause and female life expectancy
Age of menopause Age of menopause and female life expectancy. 2.Female life expectancy 1850 1900 1950 2000 40 50 60 70 80 90 90 80 70 60 50 40
3.SYMPTOMSANDSIGNSOF OVARIAN FAILURE(1) Menstrual Cycle AlterationsSoon after an adolescentwoman has her firstmenstrual cycle,regular,predictablemenstrualcycles are established that continue untilapproximately 40 years of age. Around 40 yearsthe number of ovarian follicles becomessubstantially depleted and subtle changes occurin the frequency and length of menstrual cycles
3.SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF OVARIAN FAILURE (1) Menstrual Cycle Alterations Soon after an adolescentwoman has her first menstrual cycle, regular, predictable menstrual cycles are established that continue until approximately 40 years of age. Around 40 years, the number of ovarian follicles becomes substantially depleted and subtle changes occur in the frequency and length of menstrual cycles
. A woman may note shortening orlengthening of her cycles. The luteal phaseof the cycle remains constant at 13to 14days, whereas the variation of cycle lengthis related to a change in the follicular phaseWomenintheir20sand30sovulate13to14times peryear. Several years inadvanceof menopause, the frequency of ovulationdecreases to 11 to 12times peryear andwith advancing reproductive age, maydecrease to 3to 4timesper year
• A woman may note shortening or lengthening of her cycles. The luteal phase of the cycle remains constant at 13 to 14 days, whereas the variation of cycle length is related to a change in the follicular phase. Women in their 20s and 30s ovulate 13 to 14 times per year. Several years in advance of menopause, the frequency of ovulation decreases to 11 to 12times per year and, with advancing reproductive age, may decrease to 3 to 4 times per year
With the changein reproductive cyclelength and freguency ,there areconcomitant changes in the plasmaconcentration of FSH and LH.MoreFSH is required to stimulate follicularmaturation .Beginning in the late 30sand early 4Os,the concentration ofFSH begins to increase .This is thefrist chemical evidence of ovarainfailure
• With the change in reproductive cycle length and frequency ,there are concomitant changes in the plasma concentration of FSH and LH . More FSH is required to stimulate follicular maturation .Beginning in the late 30s and early 40s, the concentration of FSH begins to increase . This is the frist chemical evidence of ovarain failure