CARCINOMA OF THEENDOMETRIUM
2003-10-27 Carcinoma of the Endometrium 1 CARCINOMA OF THE ENDOMETRIUM
One of the commonest gynecologicalcancers, especially in white Americans,it occurs most often in postmenopausalwomen (up to 80%of cases) with lessthan 5% diagnosed under 40 years ofage.2003-10-27Carcinomaofthe Endometrium
2003-10-27 Carcinoma of the Endometrium 2 • One of the commonest gynecological cancers，especially in white Americans， • it occurs most often in postmenopausal women（up to 80％of cases）with less than 5％ diagnosed under 40 years of age．
There is no effective screeningprogramme, but occasionallycervical smears contain endometrialcancer cells or double thicknessendometrial ultrasonic thickness of4mm or more indicates a need forendometrial sampling2003-10-27Carcinomaofthe Endometrium
2003-10-27 Carcinoma of the Endometrium 3 There is no effective screening programme，but occasionally cervical smears contain endometrial cancer cells or double thickness endometrial ultrasonic thickness of 4mm or more indicates a need for endometrial sampling．
RiskFactorsThe actual cause of this cancer is unknown,Estrogengiven estrogenalone aspostmenopausal hormone replacementtherapyEstrogen secreting tumors of theovary are associated with an increasedincidence of endometrial carcinoma.2003-10-27Carcinomaof the Endometrium
2003-10-27 Carcinoma of the Endometrium 4 Risk Factors The actual cause of this cancer is unknown． Estrogen given estrogen alone as postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy Estrogen secreting tumors of the ovary are associated with an increased incidence of endometrial carcinoma．
There can be no doubt that oestrogencan alter the behaviour of this tumour butthere is still a question about oestrogen as aprimary causal agent.Approximately 75%of cases ofendometrial cancer occur in thepostmenopausal period when estrogen valuesare low and progesterone isabsent. Nulliparity and PCO syndrome (withdefective progesterone synthesis) carry anincreased risk.2003-10-27Carcinomaof the Endometrium
2003-10-27 Carcinoma of the Endometrium 5 There can be no doubt that oestrogen can alter the behaviour of this tumour but there is still a question about oestrogen as a primary causal agent． Approximately 75％of cases of endometrial cancer occur in the postmenopausal period when estrogen values are low and progesterone is absent．Nulliparity and PCO syndrome（with defective progesterone synthesis）carry an increased risk．