上海交通大学：《材料热力学 Thermodynamics of materials》课程教学资源（课件讲稿）lecture 7 equilibrium

Contents of Today S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications Review previous Condition of equilibrium Phase equilibrium Clapeyron equation in vapor equilibria Variation of vapor pressure with particle size Second-order transition SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring2008©X.J.Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2008 © X. J. Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I Contents of Today Review previous Condition of equilibrium Phase equilibrium Clapeyron equation in vapor equilibria Variation of vapor pressure with particle size Second-order transition

Property Relation S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications dU=TdS-PdV 〔器) -T =-P dF =-SdT-Pdv 〔) =-S =-P dG =-SdT +Vap =-S =V dH TaS +Vap =T ap a as aP)s as U av ap SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring2o08©X.J.Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2008 © X. J. Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I Property Relation S S V P V T          S S P V PT         T T V P V S         T T P V PS          dU  TdS  PdV dF  SdT  PdV dG  SdT VdP dH  TdS VdP P V U T S U V S            P V F S T F V T             V P G S T G P T            V P H T S H P S          

Review S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications Properties relations Entropy of Mixing,Partial Molar Quantities 热力学关系式的应用 as p65,213 =0 -AV OT ap ap)s 0o)s OT 0s OH aH S.o SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2008 @X.J.Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2008 © X. J. Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I Review Properties relations Entropy of Mixing，Partial Molar Quantities 热力学关系式的应用 T T P V P S           0    T VU p.65, 2.13 V p G T      T p pC    S pT    S T    T p V V     1 H S T     H S ,   

Index of nomenclature S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications Equilibrium:平衡 Phase equilibrium:相平衡 First order transitions:一级相变 Second-order transition:二级相变 SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring2o08©X.J.Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2008 © X. J. Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I Index of nomenclature Equilibrium: 平衡 Phase equilibrium: 相平衡 First order transitions: 一级相变 Second-order transition: 二级相变

Introduction to equilibrium S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications The concept of equilibrium is fundamental 。 Stable,unchanging with time and certain properties of the system are uniform throughout The system may not be homogeneous in form Co-existence of ice and water 。Phase -A portion of matter that is uniform throughout,not only in chemical composition,but also in physical state The usefulness of many metallic,polymeric,and ceramic systems depends on the presence,at equilibrium,of various different phases in the material 组织 SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring2008©X.J.Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2008 © X. J. Jin Lecture 7 equilibrium I Introduction to equilibrium • The concept of equilibrium is fundamental • Stable, unchanging with time and certain properties of the system are uniform throughout • The system may not be homogeneous in form – Co-existence of ice and water • Phase – A portion of matter that is uniform throughout, not only in chemical composition, but also in physical state – The usefulness of many metallic, polymeric, and ceramic systems depends on the presence, at equilibrium, of various different phases in the material 组织