上游充通大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Chapter 8.Phase Rule p/kPa B 水 dp △H (液相) C dTeg Teg△V 22090 dp △fus Hm dr T[n0-'ms】 冰 (固相) 蒸发线 △Ha吧 vapor 101.35 汽 0.611 (气相) 升华线 /10 273.16373.15 647.29 TK 1
Chapter 8. Phase Rule 1
上游充通大粤 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Nomenclature Phase:相 Component:组元 Degrees of freedom:自由度 Phase rule:相律 Phase diagram:相图 One-component system:单元系 2
Nomenclature 2
上游充通大粤 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Phases Stability of a system:How many phases may exist at equilibrium? Phase rule SHA AO TONG UNIVERSITY What is phase? Physically and chemically 3
Phases Physically and chemically Stability of a system: How many phases may exist at equilibrium? Phase rule What is phase? 3
上浒充通大率 19 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Phases(2) in thermodynamics,chemically and physically uniform or homogeneous quantity of matter that can be separated mechanically from a nonhomogeneous mixture and that may consist of a single substance or of a mixture of substances.The three fundamental phases of matter are solid,liquid,and gas (vapour),but others are considered to exist,including crystalline,glassy,amorphous,and plasma phases. > Salt water; >Pure water with two pieces of ice on the surface; > Gold sands and sands; >alloys 4
Phases (2) Ø Salt water; Ø Pure water with two pieces of ice on the surface; Ø Gold sands and sands; Ø alloys 4
上浒充通大粤 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Phases Rule Thermodynamic stability of coexisting elements,compounds,and solution Equilibrium structure How many phases 所有多相平衡系统都遵循的普遍规律！ 描述平衡系统中相数、组分数以及影响系统状态的独立 可变因素（如温度、压力、组成等）的总数（称为自由 度数)之间的关系。 5
Phases Rule 5