Chapter 5 Macromolecules and molecular genetics The key informational macromolecules in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are DNA RNA, and protein Molecular genetics deals with the mechanisms by which the information in DNA is replicated and by which it can be transcribed into rna and translated into specific proteins
Chapter 5 Macromolecules and Molecular Genetics The key informational macromolecules in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are DNA, RNA, and protein. Molecular Genetics deals with the mechanisms by which the information in DNA is replicated, and by which it can be transcribed into RNA and translated into specific proteins
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology 中心法则 One-way transfer of genetic information from nucleic acid Replication to protein is call Central Dogma of DNA Molecular Biology Transcription RNA Translation Protein
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology 中心法则 One-way transfer of genetic information from nucleic acid to protein is call Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
Information ransfer in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Gene A Gene B DNA Transcription mRNA Coding region A Coding region B Translation Prot A B
Information Transfer in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Prokaryotes
NUCLEUS DNA Exon 1 Intron 1 Exon 2 I Intron 2 3 ↓ Transcription Primary RNA [Exon 1I Intron 1T Exon 2 intron 2 Exon 3 transcript RNA processing Introns excised during processing Mature mRNA Transport to the cytoplasm mRNA Eukaryotes CYTOPLASM
Eukaryotes
DNA SYnthesis proceeds 523 5- Groving strand 3 A: Adenine 2 G: Guanine OH 2 T: Thymine 3 OH C: Cytosine 2 2 CH? CH2 P 2 3+ Parental strand -5
DNA Synthesis proceeds 5’ 3’ A: Adenine G: Guanine T: Thymine C: Cytosine