Chapter 4 Metabolism, PA Biosynthesis and Nutrition AA Microbial Nutrition Laboratory culture of Microorganisms Sterilization, Aseptic Technique, and Pure Cultures
Chapter 4 Metabolism, Biosynthesis and Nutrition • Microbial Nutrition • Laboratory Culture of Microorganisms • Sterilization, Aseptic Technique, and Pure Cultures
Microbial Nutrition K WISALNHGIANNH CAY Nutrients: substances in the environment used by organisms for cata bolism and anabolism. Macronutrients: required in large amounts including: C, N,P,S,O,H,K,Mg, Ca, Na, Fe. Micronutrients: required in small amounts including: Co, Zn, Mo, Cu, Mn, Ni, W, Se
Microbial Nutrition Nutrients: Substances in the environment used by organisms for catabolism and anabolism. Macronutrients: required in large amounts, including: C, N, P, S, O, H, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe. Micronutrients: required in small amounts, including: Co, Zn, Mo, Cu, Mn, Ni, W, Se
Laboratory Culture of Microorganisms 1.5%o Agar C: Organic-Defined media glucose, sucrose, acetate pyruvate, malate, fatty acids, alkanes et al. Complex media yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, many other complex digests Inorganic-CO2, HCO3- "g。 N: Organic-Amino acids nitrogenous base Inorganic-NH4CI, (NH4)2SO4 KNO3 N2 P: KH2PO4 Na2HPO4 S: NaSO4 H2S K: KCL K2HPO4 Mg: MeCl2 MgSo4
Laboratory Culture of Microorganisms • C:Organic-Defined media: glucose, sucrose, acetate, pyruvate, malate, fatty acids, alkanes et al. Complex media: yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, many other complex digests. Inorganic-CO2 , HCO3 - • N: Organic-Amino acids, nitrogenous bases; Inorganic-NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, KNO3, N2. • P: KH2PO4, Na2HPO4. • S: NaSO4, H2S. • K: KCl, K2HPO4 • Mg: MgCl2, MgSO4 1.5% Agar
Petri Disk Cultivation of a Pure Strain
Petri Disk Cultivation of a Pure Strain
Microorganisn s grow and Microbial replicate only when all of their nutritional and environmental Growth needs are met. Thus. a micro bial medium must contain all re quisite w Conditions nutrients and be incubated at the appropniate nH, temperature 1. Macronutrients and atmos phere (ie. the presence or absence of oxygen). 2. Micronutrients A medium can be liquid or solid, 3. Growth factors defined or complex, selective or differential Liquid media are 4. Environmental factors usually dear solutions of dissolved nutrients, composed or a temperature either known compounds (n b pH defined media)or mixtures of extracts of beef, yeast, or casein c Oxygen: Aerobes (n complex me dia). solid media Anaerobes are made by adding gelling Facultative aerobes agents, usually agar, to liquid media d osmotic pressure
Microbial Growth Conditions 1. Macronutrients 2. Micronutrients 3. Growth factors 4. Environmental factors: a. temperature b. pH c. Oxygen: Aerobes, Anaerobes, Facultative aerobes d. osmotic pressure