Antimicrobial SpectrumAll quinolonesare bacteri-cidalciprofloxacinagainstgonorrhoeaeIn general theygram-Neisseria gonorrhoeaecocciare activeMoxarellaagainst Gram(-)gram-enteficorganismsEscherichiaotherrodsEnterobactelgram-gastrointestinalbacilliProteusSalmonellainfectionsShigellaHaemophilusKlebsiellaLegionellaPseudomonasciprofloxacinand norfloxacinagainsturinarytractinfectionsciprofloxacinagainstresistantrespiratoryinfections(butweakagainststreptococcuspneumoniae)6
6 Antimicrobial Spectrum All quinolones are bacteri-cidal. In general they are active against Gram(-) organisms
PharmacokineticsBioavailability of norfloxacin is only 35-70%,but 70-90% oftheotherfluoroguinolonesareabsorbed.Bioavailabilityisthe greatest for ofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin areadministered IVaswell asorallyAbsorptionisreducedbyantiacidscontainingAl orMg,ordietaryAIZntMgFesupplements of Fe orZnDistribution is largeCiprofloxacineaccumulatesintheOHkidneys,prostate and lungsRThedrugsandtheirmetabolitesare found in the urine7
7 Pharmacokinetics Bioavailability of norfloxacin is only 35-70%, but 70-90% of the other fluoroquinolones are absorbed. Bioavailability is the greatest for ofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin are administered IV as well as orally Absorption is reduced by antiacids containing Al or Mg, or dietary supplements of Fe or Zn Distribution is large. Ciprofloxacine accumulates in the kidneys, prostate and lungs The drugs and their metabolites are found in the urine