Phases of sleep 2REMS( rapid eye movement sleep,快动眼睡眠) FWS( fast wave sleep,快波睡眠) Characterists Play roles in brain and intellectual development Rapid eye movement, dream, muscle relaxation, fast breathing et al Long+ erm shorten will induce“ rebound(反跳)”afer withdrawal, significantly increase the frequency and duration of REMs, cause dreaminess, nightmare, aggravate anxiety and insomnia, finally lead to dependence
11 Phases of sleep ➢ Play roles in brain and intellectual development. ➢ Rapid eye movement, dream, muscle relaxation, fast breathing et al. ➢ Long-term shorten will induce “rebound （反跳）” after withdrawal, significantly increase the frequency and duration of REMS, cause dreaminess, nightmare, aggravate anxiety and insomnia, finally lead to dependence. Characterists: 2. REMS ( rapid eye movement sleep, 快动眼睡眠） FWS ( fast wave sleep，快波睡眠 )
Phases of sleep Sleep latency 80-120min20-30min REM REM REM REM 4-5 cycles of alternating REMs and Nrems 8h 正常成年人 觉醒 2h 25%REMS 5%Sws-I 4h50%SWS-Ⅱ 10%SWS-Ⅲ 10%SWS-ⅣV 2 4 8 时间(h)
12 Phases of sleep 4-5 cycles of alternating REMS and NREMS 50% 25% 10% 10% 5% NREM REM NREM REM NREM REM NREM 80-120min 20-30min Sleep latency 8h 2h 4h ﹤2h
儿童 REMS SwS-I SWS- sWs-Ⅲ SWS- 青壮年 觉醒 REMS SWS-I sWs-Ⅱ sws-Ⅲ swS-Ⅳ 老年人 觉醒 REMS SWS-I sWs-Ⅱ sWs-Ⅲ swS-Ⅳ 2 4 6 13 睡眠时间(h)
13 睡眠时间(h) 1 2 3 儿童 青壮年 老年人 4 5 6 7
285 C门C Section 1 Benzodiazepines (BZ,苯二氮草类) 14
14 Section 1 Benzodiazepines (BZ，苯二氮卓类)
Classifications Drugs 112 Long-acting 24~72h Diazepam(地西泮,安定) Flurazepam(氟西泮,氟安定) Chlordiazepoxide(氯氮卓,利眠宁 Intermediate-acting 10-20h Alprazolam(阿普唑仑,佳乐定) Estazolam(艾司唑仑,舒乐安定) Clonazepam(氯硝西泮) Short-acting 3-8h Oxazepam(奥沙西泮,去甲羟安定,舒宁) Triazolam(三唑仑,海乐神) 15
15 Drugs T1/2 (h) Long-acting 24~72h Diazepam (地西泮，安定） Flurazepam (氟西泮，氟安定） Chlordiazepoxide (氯氮卓，利眠宁) Intermediate-acting 10-20h Alprazolam (阿普唑仑，佳乐定) Estazolam (艾司唑仑，舒乐安定) Clonazepam (氯硝西泮) Short-acting 3-8h Oxazepam (奥沙西泮，去甲羟安定，舒宁) Triazolam (三唑仑，海乐神) Classifications