>Intercalating agents: are flat molecules containing several polycyclic rings that interact with the normal bases in DNA through hydrogen bonds and base stacking
➢Intercalating agents: are flat molecules containing several polycyclic rings that interact with the normal bases in DNA through hydrogen bonds and base stacking
b H2N- NH2 C2H5 溴乙啶 ethidium H2N N NH2 (CH3)2N N(CH3)2 H H proflavin acridine orange 二氨基吖啶/原黄素 吖啶橙，氮蒽 Copyright2004 Pearson Education,Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings Intercalating agents
Intercalating agents 溴乙啶 二氨基吖啶/原黄素 吖啶橙, 氮蒽
Two consequence of DNA damage ■ Some damages,such as thymine dimer, nick or breaks in the DNA backbone. create impediments to replication or transcription ■ Some damages creates altered bases that has no effect on replication but cause mispairing,which in turn can be converted to mutation
Two consequence of DNA damage ◼ Some damages, such as thymine dimer, nick or breaks in the DNA backbone, create impediments to replication or transcription ◼ Some damages creates altered bases that has no effect on replication but cause mispairing, which in turn can be converted to mutation
1.4 DNA mutation(DNA突变) A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene. ■A point mutation(点突变)，or single base substitution,is a type of mutation that causes the replacement of a single base nucleotide with another nucleotide of the genetic material,DNA or RNA. One can categorize point mutations as follows: Transitions(转换)：replacement of a purine base with another purine or replacement of a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine Transversions(颠换)：replacement of a purine with a pyrimidine or vice versa
1.4 DNA mutation（DNA突变） ◼ A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene. ◼ A point mutation（点突变）, or single base substitution, is a type of mutation that causes the replacement of a single base nucleotide with another nucleotide of the genetic material, DNA or RNA. ◼ One can categorize point mutations as follows: Transitions（转换）: replacement of a purine base with another purine or replacement of a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine Transversions（颠换）: replacement of a purine with a pyrimidine or vice versa