Importance of excipients Drug is mixed with "excipients"(non-therapeutic entities)such that an accurate dose of the drug can be administered in a solid dosage form. The drug may be very potent and fillers may be required. The drug may not be easily compressed by itself and may require excipients to give it enough stickiness or plasticity for it to hold together and stay together as a solid dosage form
Importance of excipients • Drug is mixed with "excipients" (non-therapeutic entities) such that an accurate dose of the drug can be administered in a solid dosage form. • The drug may be very potent and fillers may be required. • The drug may not be easily compressed by itself and may require excipients to give it enough stickiness or plasticity for it to hold together and stay together as a solid dosage form
Diluents (Fillers Diluents are inert substances which are added to the active ingredients in sufficient quantity to make a reasonably sized and weighted tablet. ·In general,.for tablets,diameter≥6mm, weight≥100mg. It is useful when the therapeutic component is a small quantity (potent drugs)
Diluents (Fillers ) • Diluents are inert substances which are added to the active ingredients in sufficient quantity to make a reasonably sized and weighted tablet. • In general, for tablets, diameter >6mm, weight > 100 mg. • It is useful when the therapeutic component is a small quantity (potent drugs)
Commonly used Diluents -Starch: Sugar: Dextrin: Lactose: Mannitol -Microcrostalline cellulose (MCC) -Inorganic salts:calciumsulfate Calcium phosphate dibasic;Magnesium carbonate,calcium carbonate,etal
Commonly used Diluents – Starch: – Sugar: – Dextrin: – Lactose: – Mannitol – Microcrostalline cellulose (MCC) – Inorganic salts: calciumsulfate ; Calcium phosphate dibasic;Magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate,etal
Starch Commonly use Corn starch. Used as diluents and as binding agents,poor compressibility. 。 Starches contain up to 14%moisture and can therefore lead to stability problems for a moisture- sensitive drug. Usually used together with sucrose and dextrin to improve the compressibility. It is more commonly used in its dry state as a disintegrating agent
Starch • Commonly use Corn starch. • Used as diluents and as binding agents, poor compressibility. • Starches contain up to 14% moisture and can therefore lead to stability problems for a moisturesensitive drug. • Usually used together with sucrose and dextrin to improve the compressibility. • It is more commonly used in its dry state as a disintegrating agent
Dextrin ·Hydrolysis of starch Chemical formula:(CH0O3)nXH2O Highly adhesive,inappropriate use may cause spot or watermark on tablet surface or slow disintegration and dissolution. May influence content determination. Usually used together with sucrose and starch to improve the compressibility
Dextrin • Hydrolysis of starch • Chemical formula:（C6H10O5）n·XH2O • Highly adhesive, inappropriate use may cause spot or watermark on tablet surface or slow disintegration and dissolution. • May influence content determination. • Usually used together with sucrose and starch to improve the compressibility