Hyperthyroidism 颤抖 心慌,心脏肥大 甲状腺肿大,突眼,情绪激动 腱反射亢进多食、腹泻、消瘦
Hyperthyroidism 颤抖 腱反射亢进 心慌，心脏肥大 甲状腺肿大，突眼，情绪激动 多食、腹泻、消瘦
Hypothyroidism sImple goIter cretinism(呆小症) (单纯性甲状腺肿) 瘿
Hypothyroidism cretinism (呆小症) 瘿 simple goiter (单纯性甲状腺肿)
System Thyrotoxicosis Hypothyroidism Skin and Warm, moist skin; sweating: heat Pale, cool, puffy skin: dry and brittle engages intolerance: fine, thin hair: Plummer's hair: brittle nails nails: pretibial dermopathy( graves disease) Eyes. face Retraction of upper lid with wide Drooping of eyelids; periorbital edema stare: periorbital edema loss of temporal aspects of eyebrows exophthalmos;diplopia(Graves' puffy, nonpitting facies; large tongue disease Cardiovascular Decreased peripheral vascular Increased peripheral vascular resistance system resistance, increased heart rate, stroke decreased heart rate, stroke volume volume, cardiac output, pulse cardiac output, pulse pressure; low pressure; high-output heart failure; output heart failure; ECG: bradycardia, increased inotropic and chronotropic prolonged PR interval, flat T wave, low eIfects, aRrhythmias angina voltage:pericardial effusion Respirator Dyspnea; decreased vital capacity Pleural effusions; hypoventilation and system CO, retention Gastrointestinal Increased appetite: increased Decreased appetite: decreased frequency system frequency of bowel movements of bowel movements: ascites ypoproteinemia
Central nervousNervousness: hyperkinesia; emotional Lethargy: general slowing of mental system lability processes: neuropathies Musculoskeletal Weakness and muscle fatigue Stiffness and muscle fatigue decreased system Increased deep tendon reflexes deep tendon reflexes: increased alkaline hypercalcemia: osteoporosis phosphatase LDH. AST Renal system Mild polyuria: increased renal blood Impaired water excretion:decreased flow increased glomerular filtration renal blood flow decreased glomerular rate filtration rate Hematopoietic Increased erythropoiesis: anemia Decreased erythropoiesis; anemia' Reproductive Menstrual iregularities; decreasedHypermenorrhea: infertility: decreased system fertility; increased gonadal steroid libido; impotence; oligospermia metabolism decreased gonadal steroid metabolism Metabolic Increased basal metabolic rate Decreased basal metabolic rate: slight system negative nitrogen balance positive nitrogen balance; delayed hyperglycemia: increased free fatty degradation of insulin, with increased acids; decreased cholesterol and sensitivity; increased cholesterol and triglycerides: increased hormone triglycerides: decreased hormone degradation: increased requirements degradation: decreased requirements for for fat- and water-soluble vitamins: fat- and water-soluble vitamins increased drug metabolism decreased drug metabolism
Therapeutic drugs on thyroid dysfunction ° Hyperthyroidism antithyroid drugs thiourea derivatives硫脲类 iodine and iodides碘和碘化物 β receptor antagonists Radioiodine放射性碘:131 Hypothyroidism thyroid hormones iodine and iodides
• Hyperthyroidism: – antithyroid drugs: thiourea derivatives 硫脲类 iodine and iodides 碘和碘化物 receptor antagonists Radioiodines 放射性碘: 131I • Hypothyroidism: – thyroid hormones – iodine and iodides Therapeutic drugs on thyroid dysfunction