>孟子Mencius 孟子是孔子之后最著名的儒家大师。 Mencius is upheld in the pantheon of Chinese philosophers as number two to Confucius 个人努力程度 ◇人性本善 道德变坏。 外部环境 Their own efforts in Humans are maintaining their innately good by good nature. The end their very nature. result of humans'morals. Outside influences 老子像Portrait of Laozi
孟子 Mencius 老子像 Portrait of Laozi 人性本善 孟子是孔子之后最著名的儒家大师。 Mencius is upheld in the pantheon of Chinese philosophers as number two to Confucius 外部环境 道德变坏。 个人努力程度 Humans are innately good by their very nature. Their own efforts in maintaining their good nature . Outside influences The end result of humans' morals
>孟子Mencius 令仁政 ◇good governance ◇对于国家的发展而言，人民 是最重要的，国王并不重要。 >For Mencius the people should be at the center of political thinking,with the King as less important. 老子像Portrait of Laozi
孟子 Mencius 老子像 Portrait of Laozi 仁政 good governance 对于国家的发展而言，人民 是最重要的，国王并不重要。 For Mencius the people should be at the center of political thinking, with the King as less important
>荀子Xunzi ◇人性本来是“恶”的，善只是一 种伪装而己。 Human nature is originally corrupt and that goodness is merely a disguise. ◇为了避免成为恶人，必须要 接受教育，改造自己。 The only way to avoid becoming totally evil is to be educated and make efforts in correcting yourself. 荀子像Portrait of Xunzi
荀子Xunzi 荀子像 Portrait of Xunzi 人性本来是“恶”的，善只是一 种伪装而已。 Human nature is originally corrupt and that goodness is merely a disguise. 为了避免成为恶人，必须要 接受教育，改造自己。 The only way to avoid becoming totally evil is to be educated and make efforts in correcting yourself
>荀子Xunzi 国家既应重视“礼治”，也要 用刑法来压制百姓。 >The state should focus on “ritual governance”and use punishment as a means of controlling the people. ◇后世有人认为荀子不是一个 纯正的儒家。 Many do not consider his teachings to be purely 荀子像Portrait of Xunzi Confucian
荀子Xunzi 荀子像 Portrait of Xunzi 国家既应重视“礼治”，也要 用刑法来压制百姓。 The state should focus on “ritual governance” and use punishment as a means of controlling the people. 后世有人认为荀子不是一个 纯正的儒家。 Many do not consider his teachings to be purely Confucian
>庄子 Zhuangzi 庄子是老子之后，道家学派最重要 的思想家。 After the time of Laozi the next greatest thinker in the Daoist school was Zhuangzi. ◇“道”是宇宙万物的本原，“道” 通过“气”来产生万物。 The Dao was the base of the entire universe and it was Dao and Qi energy that combined to create all things. 庄子像Portrait of Zhuangzi
庄子 Zhuangzi 庄子像 Portrait of Zhuangzi “道”是宇宙万物的本原，“道” 通过“气”来产生万物。 The Dao was the base of the entire universe and it was Dao and Qi energy that combined to create all things. 庄子是老子之后，道家学派最重要 的思想家。 After the time of Laozi the next greatest thinker in the Daoist school was Zhuangzi