第七章注意《情感构造主义心理学：冯特（1908）和注意心理学》；机能主义：W.James(1892)《心理学教科书》;行为主义；格式塔心理学：认知心理学；
1 第七章 注意 ◼ 构造主义心理学：冯特（1908）《情感 和注意心理学》； ◼ 机能主义：W. James (1892)《心理学教科 书》； ◼ 行为主义； ◼ 格式塔心理学； ◼ 认知心理学；
Two types of attentionFocused attentionDividedattention
2 Two types of attention ◼ Focused attention ◼ Divided attention
Focused attentionFocus on (select) what's relevant and ignorewhat'sirrelevant.Present two or more inputs and see how wellpeople can concentrate on one and ignore theother. Stroop effects: name the color a word is printedin while ignoring the word itself
3 Focused attention ◼ Focus on (select) what’s relevant and ignore what’s irrelevant. ◼ Present two or more inputs and see how well people can concentrate on one and ignore the other. ◼ Stroop effects: name the color a word is printed in while ignoring the word itself
Divided attention Present two or more inputs and see how wellpeople can concentrate on more than one.Studies of divided attention often used indesigning aircraft --how well can people useinformation from several dials and indicatorsat once. Results from studies such as this areused to design displays that maximizepeople's ability to pay attention to multiplesources of information
4 Divided attention ◼ Present two or more inputs and see how well people can concentrate on more than one. ◼ Studies of divided attention often used in designing aircraft -how well can people use information from several dials and indicators at once. Results from studies such as this are used to design displays that maximize people’s ability to pay attention to multiple sources of information
一、注意研究中的主要变量Dependent Variables:Reaction time is by farthe preferred variable and is extensivelyused.Percentage of correct responses is also used,especially in studies of attention in whichmemory plays a role. When an experiment isframed within the context of a particularmodel, such as the theory of signal detection,derived statistics such as d and B are alsousedasdependentvariables
5 一、注意研究中的主要变量 ◼ Dependent Variables: Reaction time is by far the preferred variable and is extensively used. Percentage of correct responses is also used, especially in studies of attention in which memory plays a role. When an experiment is framed within the context of a particular model, such as the theory of signal detection, derived statistics such as d ´ and ßare also used as dependent variables