(一)一级结构与功能的关系 1.同功能蛋白的种属特异性与一级结构的关系以细胞色素C为例:细胞色素C广泛存在于真核生物细胞的线粒体中,是一种含有血红素辅基的单链蛋白质。在生物氧化时,细胞色素C在呼吸链的电子传递系统中起传递电子的作用,使血红素上铁原子的价数发生变化

一.蛋白质的一级结构 蛋白质的一级结构( primary structure)是指 蛋白质肽链中氨基酸的排列顺序。而蛋白质的化学 结构包括肽链数目、端基组成、氨基酸序列和二硫 键的位置,又称共价结构。蛋白质的一级结构是最 基本的结构,它决定着蛋白质高级结构

一.蛋白质在机体中的重要作用 二.蛋白质的化学组成

一、生物化学的涵义-基本概念 随着现代科学和技术的迅速发展,生物学家正在不 断揭开生命的分子奥秘。生物科学在过去的20多年中出 现了令人惊愕的进展。主要特点是:1.许多其他学科 的科学家如数学家、物理学家、信息学家、化学家等纷 纷地汇聚到这个领域。2.最明显的一个特点就生物技术 的进步与基础领域生物化学发展紧密联系在一起

85. The general structure and function of the plasma membrane Introduction The membranes form continuous sheets that form the outer boundaries of the cells or enclose intercellular

2. Electron microscopy Transmission Electron microscopy (TEMs) Scanning Electron microscopy (SE 1) Transmission Electron microscopy (TEMs) 1931 Ruska

Biotechnology and Polymers Most Chemically Synthesized Polymers are not Biodegradable, such as PE, PP, PS and PET While most Biologically Synthesized Polymers are Biodegradable, such as Proteins, Cellulose, Glycan The most Notable Biopolymers with Properties Similar to Thermoplastics are: Polyhydroxyalkanoates or PHA

Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Industrial Microbiology is the discipline that uses microorganisms, usually grown on a large scale, to produce valuable commercial products or carry out important chemical transformations. Fermentation Technology is the technology to grow cells in large scale with high efficiency, it also includes product recovery processes

Flowsheet for developing an industrial microbial fermentation process Strain selection Laboratory process development Pilot Scale up Industrial Scale up Downstream process development Product packaging techniques Other commercial consideration Examples

Chapter 5 Macromolecules and Molecular Genetics DNA Replication Complementary base pairing Semiconservative Template and primer From 5'-phosphate to the 3'-hydroxyl end DNA polymerase and ligase A short stretch of RNA serves as primer Primase: a specific RNA-polymerizing enzyme