PHYSICAL STATE OF INGREDIENTS IN FOOD SYSTEMS Food Dispersions 1. True solution 2. Colloidal dispersion 3. Emulsion 4. Foam 5. Gel Dispersions 1. Continuous phase 2. Dispersed phase May be solid, liquid, or gas
PHYSICAL STATE OF INGREDIENTS IN FOOD SYSTEMS Food Dispersions 1. True solution 2. Colloidal dispersion 3. Emulsion 4. Foam 5. Gel Dispersions 1. Continuous phase 2. Dispersed phase May be solid, liquid, or gas
True Solution The dispersion of particle < 1 nm in liquid. Examples: sugar, lactose, minerals, and vitamins. Colloidal Dispersion (SOL) Dispersion of particle sizes between 10-100 nm in liquid. Common colloids: dispersion of proteins, large molecular salts. Example: milk
True Solution The dispersion of particle < 1 nm in liquid. Examples: sugar, lactose, minerals, and vitamins. Colloidal Dispersion (SOL) Dispersion of particle sizes between 10-100 nm in liquid. Common colloids: dispersion of proteins, large molecular salts. Example: milk
Emulsions Liquid/liquid systems of 2 immiscible substances are called emulsion. Substances or particle size = 10-100 microns. Examples: butter (w/o), margarine (w/o), mayonnaise (o/w), salad dressing (o/w), milk (o/w), cream (o/w), and chip-dip (o/w). Water Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil H O H O H O H O Oil/Water Water/Oil 2 2 2 2 Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil
Emulsions Liquid/liquid systems of 2 immiscible substances are called emulsion. Substances or particle size = 10-100 microns. Examples: butter (w/o), margarine (w/o), mayonnaise (o/w), salad dressing (o/w), milk (o/w), cream (o/w), and chip-dip (o/w). Water Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil H O H O H O H O Oil/Water Water/Oil 2 2 2 2 Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil
DESTABILIZATION OF THE DISPERSION Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Water Water Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Water Oil Aggregation Oil separation from water
DESTABILIZATION OF THE DISPERSION Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Water Water Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Water Oil Aggregation Oil separation from water
EMULSIFIER Oil Water Mayonnaise Water Oil Margarine Emulsifier Hydrophobicgroup Hydrophilic group
EMULSIFIER Oil Water Mayonnaise Water Oil Margarine Emulsifier Hydrophobicgroup Hydrophilic group