Interaction Metaphors Car as home Car as image statement Car as kitchen Car as clothing Car as bathroom Car as jewelry Car as bedroom Car as sports equipment Car as music room Car as safe space Car as playroom Car as cocoon Car as entertainment ctr Car as toolbox Car as closet Car as office Car as comm center
Interaction Metaphors • Car as image statement • Car as clothing • Car as jewelry • Car as sports equipment • Car as safe space • Car as cocoon • Car as home • Car as kitchen • Car as bathroom • Car as bedroom • Car as music room • Car as playroom • Car as entertainment ctr • Car as toolbox • Car as closet • Car as office • Car as comm center
Trends in Driver Attentional Demand a Vehicle Secondary Operation Tasks Ti me Time Spent in Vehicles(US) Average 350 hrs/yr/person 500 Million hrs/week
Trends in Driver Attentional Demand Dr vi er Dr vi er Attent oi nal Attent oi nal Demand Vehicle Vehicle Operation Operation Secondary Secondary Tasks Radio Tape Cell Phone Cell Phone Tr pi Computer Tr pi Computer Video Web Time Time Spent in Vehicles (US) Time Spent in Vehicles (US) - Average 350 hrs/yr/person Average 350 hrs/yr/person - 500 Million hrs/week 500 Million hrs/week
76% of Drivers Report Activities Have Caused/Nearly Caused"an Accident TALKING ON CELL PHONE TURNING TO SPEAK USING COMPUTER CIGARETTE ASHES BREAKING UP FIGHT BETWEEN KIDS SPILLING COFFEE 0%5%10%15%20%25%30% Source: Opinion Research Corp Interviews, Time5/8/00(N=1016)
76% of Drivers Report Activities Have “Caused/Nearly Caused” an Accident 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% SPILLING COFFEE BREAKING UP FIGHT BETWEEN KIDS CIGARETTE ASHES USING COMPUTER TURNING TO SPEAK TALKING ON CELL PHONE Source: Opinion Research Corp Interviews, Time5/8/00 (N=1016)
Concerns Regarding High Secondary Task loads Growing Evidence and Public Perception of Safety Problem Cell phone use in US 115-120 Million Active Cell Phones 50-70% Use in Vehicles 3. 9% of Drivers Using (Daylight Hours NE Journal of medicine Estimate 4 fold increase in collision risk using cell phone NHTSA EStimates 1.2 Million Accidents (25-30%)caused by Distracted Driver Not limited to cell phones Note: These effects may be latent in normal operations and may only manifest in non-normal or emergency situations
Concerns Regarding High Secondary Task Loads • Growing Evidence and Public Perception of Safety Problem • Cell Phone use in US – 115-120 Million Active Cell Phones – 50-70% Use in Vehicles – 3.9% of Drivers Using (Daylight Hours) • NE Journal of Medicine Estimate – 4 fold increase in collision risk using cell phone • NHTSA Estimates – 1.2 Million Accidents (25-30%) caused by Distracted Driver • Not limited to cell phones • Note: These effects may be latent in normal operations and may only manifest in non-normal or emergency situations
Typical Performance VS Task Load curve Task Load
Typical Performance vs. Task Load Curve Performance Task Load