Coagulase and Clumping factor responsible for adherence of the Capsule or polysaccharide organisms to fibrinogen and ime laye fibrin-forming clumps Polysaccharide A induce an immunogenic ( teichoic acid) response (vaccine efforts) Protein A cytoplasmic membrane Cytopl Clumping Clumping factor 3 Staphylococcus aureus f tho cells did not produce emains flud Clumping factor 6 cated by coagulation of Coagulase t Coagulase L1052(079n)
responsible for adherence of the organisms to fibrinogen and fibrin – forming clumps; induce an immunogenic response（vaccine efforts） Clumping factor + Clumping factor - Coagulase and Clumping factor
★ Toxins:(5) Y Hemolysins(a, B, Y,8)-lyse red blood cells Leukocidin(PVL) lyses neutrophils and macrophages Exfoliative toxin separates the epidermis from the dermis v Enterotoxin-9 serotypes, induce gastrointestinal distress heat stable protein superantigens Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) induces fever, vomiting, shock, systemic organ damage Enterotoxin, Exfoliative toxin, TSST-1 genes are on a pathogenicity island
★ Toxins: (5) Hemolysins (α, β, γ, δ)– lyse red blood cells Leukocidin (PVL) – lyses neutrophils and macrophages Exfoliative toxin – separates the epidermis from the dermis Enterotoxin– 9 serotypes, induce gastrointestinal distress, heat stable protein Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) – induces fever, vomiting, shock, systemic organ damage Enterotoxin, Exfoliative toxin, TSST-1 genes are on a pathogenicity island superantigens
ratum corneum stratum eXfoliative toxin o Dsg.3 Normal Skin Staphylococeal Scalded Skin Syndrome A Loss of superficial skin layers Toxins2010,2(5),1148-1165 B C Journal of the american Academy of 理腰 Dermatology Volume 48, Issue 2 2003244-252
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology Volume 48, Issue 2 2003 244 - 252 Loss of superficial skin layers Toxins 2010, 2(5), 1148-1165 Exfoliative toxin
Superantigen Exotoxins Antigen presenting cell 山uuuu MHC Class‖l Super gen antigen V BV T cell receotor IC BC √ Bind directly to MHC II Y Cytokines are released from large proportion of t cells
Superantigen Exotoxins Bind directly to MHC II Cytokines are released from large proportion of T cells
Virulence factors of S aureus Biological activities Enzymes Coagulase coagulates plasma and blood; alter ingestion and destruction by phagocytic cells, an important indicator of invasive pathogenic staphylococcus Hyaluronidase digests connective tissue Staphylokinase digests blood clots DNase digests dNa Lipases digest oils: enhances colonization on skin Penicillinase inactivates penicillin Catalase degrades hydrogen peroxide Toxins Hemolysins(a,B, y, 8) lyse red blood cells Leukocidin lyses neutrophils and macrophages Enterotoxin I induces gastrointestinal distress Exfoliative toxin separates the epidermis from the dermis Toxic shock syndrome toxin(TSSt)) induces fever, vomiting, shock, systemic organ damage Structural components Capsule/polysaccharide inhibits phagocytosis by PMN mediate attachment elicits production of IL-1 and opsonic antibody by monocytes, be a Peptidoglycan chemo-attractant for PMN; has endotoxin-like activity; activates complement Teichoic acid binds to fibronectin and mediates attachment SPA binds to Fc portion of IgG; inhibits phagocytosis; anti complement Clumping factor responsible for adherence of the organisms to fibrinogen and fibrin (bound coagulase) forming clumps, induces an immunogenic response
Virulence factors of S. aureus Biological activities Enzymes Coagulase coagulates plasma and blood; alter ingestion and destruction by phagocytic cells; an important indicator of invasive pathogenic staphylococcus Hyaluronidase digests connective tissue Staphylokinase digests blood clots DNase digests DNA Lipases digest oils; enhances colonization on skin Penicillinase inactivates penicillin Catalase degrades hydrogen peroxide Toxins Hemolysins (α, β, γ, δ) lyse red blood cells Leukocidin lyses neutrophils and macrophages Enterotoxin induces gastrointestinal distress Exfoliative toxin separates the epidermis from the dermis Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) induces fever, vomiting, shock, systemic organ damage Structural components Capsule/polysaccharide inhibits phagocytosis by PMN; mediate attachment Peptidoglycan elicits production of IL-1 and opsonic antibody by monocytes; be a chemo-attractant for PMN; has endotoxin-like activity; activates complement Teichoid acid binds to fibronectin and mediates attachment SPA binds to Fc portion of IgG; inhibits phagocytosis; anti complement Clumping factor (bound coagulase) responsible for adherence of the organisms to fibrinogen and fibrin forming clumps; induces an immunogenic response