a straw to clutch at (to catch at a straw)7.翻天覆地---tomoveheavenandearth(doone'sutmost全力以赴）epoch-making, earth-shaking8.属犬吠日---tobarkatthemoon（tomakefruitlessefforts空曦，徒劳）to make a fuss about something that one alone finds strange,uncalled(不必要的，多此一举的）foralarm（惊慌）orexcitementout of sheer ignorance.9.洗手不干--towashone'shands of（to refusetotakeanymoreresponsibilityforsb.orsth.不再管某事某人，洗手不干某事，和什么断绝关系，对某事不再负责（notnecessarilybadthings)（尤指坏事）towash one'hands of sb.or sth/stopdoing wrong andreform oneself10.食言---to eat one's word(takeback whatone has said)togobackonone'sword(违背，毁约，说了不算），tobreakwhatonehas said, break one's promise11.扯后腿---to pull somebody's leg(to tell someone something untrue as a joke,try to make somebody believe something that is untrue as a joke.)to hinder, to be a hindrance t sb12.衣服架子---clothes horse([fig] said of a personwhowears orpursuesfashionableclothing讲究穿着的人，追求时服饰的人，美俚：时装模特）(fig) said of a person who has a good figure and lookshandsome in all kinds of clothes.13.像过街老鼠---likeachurchmouse(verypoor:一贫如洗)人人喊打者：apersonhatedbyeveryone14.活到老学到老--live and learn(phrase used when one hears somethingnew,especiallysomethingsurprising：真是无奇不有。这事真新鲜！[用以对刚知道的事表示惊异)真是活一天学一天；真是活到老，学不了。真想不到。）One should keep learning in one's lifetime; one is never too late tolearn; keep on learning as long as you live.15.吹犬不咬人---Hisbark isworse than hisbite.(non derogatory损毁的；贬低的：He is not as unpleasant or as hostile as he seems to be:“他并不像外表那么凶，刀子嘴豆腐心”“他说话严厉，但并无恶意（并不伤人）”derogatory: Barking dogs do not bite.16.拿钱打了水漂---toplayducksanddrakes公鸭withone'smoney(ducks或duck鸭：母鸭（雄性为：drake）鸭肉亲爱的人：宝贝She'sa sweet oldduck.她是个可爱的老太婆。（to squander,wasteone's money,be extravagant)one's money has been waster, to spend money without bringing theexpected result6田翠芸《汉英翻译》
田翠芸 《汉英翻译》 6 a straw to clutch at (to catch at a straw) 7． 翻天覆地-to move heaven and earth (do one’s utmost 全力以赴) epoch-making, earth-shaking 8． 属犬吠日-to bark at the moon (to make fruitless efforts 空嚷，徒劳) to make a fuss about something that one alone finds strange, uncalled(不必要的 ，多此一举的) for alarm （惊慌） or excitement out of sheer ignorance. 9． 洗手不干-to wash one’s hands of（to refuse to take any more responsibility for sb. or sth.不再管某事某人, 洗手不干某事，和什么 断绝关系，对某事不再负责 (not necessarily bad things) （尤指坏事）to wash one’ hands of sb. or sth/stop doing wrong and reform oneself 10. 食言-to eat one’s word (take back what one has said) to go back on one’s word(违背，毁约，说了不算) , to break what one has said， break one’s promise 11. 扯后腿-to pull somebody’s leg(to tell someone something untrue as a joke, try to make somebody believe something that is untrue as a joke.) to hinder, to be a hindrance t sb. 12. 衣服架子-clothes horse ([fig] said of a person who wears or pursues fashionable clothing 讲究穿着的人，追求时髦服饰的人，美俚：时装模特) (fig) said of a person who has a good figure and looks handsome in all kinds of clothes. 13. 像过街老鼠-like a church mouse(very poor: 一贫如洗) 人人喊打者：a person hated by everyone 14. 活到老学到老-live and learn(phrase used when one hears something new, especially something surprising: 真是无奇不有。这事真新鲜！[用 以对刚知道的事表示惊异]真是活一天学一天；真是活到老，学不了。 真想不到。) One should keep learning in one’s lifetime; one is never too late to learn; keep on learning as long as you live. 15. 吠犬不咬人-His bark is worse than his bite. (non derogatory 损毁的； 贬低的: He is not as unpleasant or as hostile as he seems to be:“他并不 像外表那么凶，刀子嘴豆腐心”“他说话严厉，但并无恶意（并不伤 人）” derogatory: Barking dogs do not bite. 16. 拿钱打了水漂-to play ducks and drakes 公鸭 with one’s money. (ducks 或 duck 鸭；母鸭 （雄性为： drake） 鸭肉 亲爱的人；宝 贝 She's a sweet old duck. 她是个可爱的老太婆。（ to squander, waste one’s money, be extravagant） one’s money has been waster, to spend money without bringing the expected result
【本讲课程的小结】今天我们主要讲了在翻译中由于汉英文化差异而产生的词汇空缺现象及相应的翻译策略。【本讲课程的作业】1.阅读课本第5单元（59一69页）并完成书上的练习。II.短文翻译：现在有多少国人会讲英语呀！君不见有多少人考中级、高级轻轻松松就可以过关，可真正得了英语皮毛者，十能有几呢？更不要提精通二字。所以还是奉劝那些准翻译们，下笔之前要慎之又慎：告示牌的译者虽不用署名，可有碍国体呀。突然想起，前一段时间，某市的市长要出国洽谈生意，临走时要有关部门赶制一本城市介绍。我拿到这本画册的大样，见其中的错误，真如王胡棉衣里的虱子，捉也捉不净。其中最大的有两处：一处是说该市的国民生产总值（GNP）是五十元，核对了原稿才知漏了一个million，系五千万之误；另一处，我读到英文，吓了一跳，该市盛产老鼠（Mice）！忙去查对应的中文，才知系云母(Mica)之误。一边改正，边想，幸好我多事儿。仔细读了这即将付梓的大样的英文，否则，这位市长要想欣欣然乘着飞机，拿着这本画册去召商引资，那真是应了老百姓的一句粗话，叫光着推磨，转着圈丢人了。田翠芸《汉英翻译》1
田翠芸 《汉英翻译》 7 【本讲课程的小结】今天我们主要讲了在翻译中由于汉英文化差异而产生 的词汇空缺现象及相应的翻译策略。 【本讲课程的作业】 I．阅读课本第 5 单元 （59－69 页）并完成书上的练习。 II．短文翻译： 现在有多少国人会讲英语呀！君不见有多少人考中级、高级轻轻 松松就可以过关，可真正得了英语皮毛者，十能有几呢？更不要提精 通二字。所以还是奉劝那些准翻译们，下笔之前要慎之又慎：告示牌 的译者虽不用署名，可有碍国体呀。 突然想起，前一段时间，某市的市长要出国洽谈生意，临走时要 有关部门赶制一本城市介绍。我拿到这本画册的大样，见其中的错误， 真如王胡棉衣里的虱子，捉也捉不净。其中最大的有两处：一处是说 该市的国民生产总值（GNP）是五十元，核对了原稿才知漏了一个 million，系五千万之误；另一处，我读到英文，吓了一跳，该市盛产老 鼠（Mice）！忙去查对应的中文，才知系云母(Mica)之误。一边改正， 一边想，幸好我多事儿。仔细读了这即将付梓的大样的英文，否则， 这位市长要想欣欣然乘着飞机，拿着这本画册去召商引资，那真是应 了老百姓的一句粗话，叫光着腚推磨，转着圈丢人了