上海交通大学：《微生物学 Microbiology》课程教学资源（双语课件）Lecture 15.1 Microbial Ecology_Microbial Habitats and Diversity（MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS、Marine Microbiology）

上降充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1896 1920 1987 2006 Lecture 15-1 Microbial Ecology:Major Microbial Habitats and Diversity CHAPTER 23in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS AO TON Chen Feng School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University

1896 1920 1987 2006 Lecture 15-1 Microbial Ecology: Major Microbial Habitats and Diversity Chen Feng School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University CHAPTER 23 in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS

充通大警 上i Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1896 1920 1987 2006 I.MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS 15.1 Populations,Guilds, HAI JIAO TONG UNIVER and Communities n

1896 1920 1987 2006 I. MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS 15.1 Populations, Guilds, and Communities

o→8→88+88 +88888 Population Components of Microbial Ecosystem Populations ·Individual cells grow to form populationsi群体由单个细 胞共同组成 ( uildsi种群 o Metabolically related populations constitute groupings called guilds代谢相关的一群同种生物构成种群 Communities群落 e Sets of guilds conducting complementary physiological processes interact to form microbial communities-一系列种群相互作用及生理互补构成群落 3 Microbiology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University

3 Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Components of Microbial Ecosystem Populations • Individual cells grow to form populations群体由单个细 胞共同组成 Guilds种群 • Metabolically related populations constitute groupings called guilds代谢相关的一群同种生物构成种群 Communities群落 • Sets of guilds conducting complementary physiological processes interact to form microbial communities一系列种群相互作用及生理互补构成群落

Guilds and communities种群与群落 Various microbial Light community structure in a Community 1 Community 2 lake ecosystem.湖泊生 Photic zone: Oxic zone: Oxygenic phototrophs Aerobes and facultative aerobes 态系统中的群落组成 6C02+6H20→ C6H1206+602 C6H1206+602→ 6C02+6H20 Energy yield Community 3 Anoxic sediments: 1.Guild 1:denitrifying bacteria (NON2) ferric iron-reducing bacteria(Fe3+-Fe2) 2.Guild 2:sulfate-reducing bacteria(SOH2S) sulfur-reducing bacteria(s°→H2S) 3.Guild 3:fermentative bacteria 4.Guild 4:methanogens(CO2-CH4) For the sediment community,major acetogens(CO2-acetate) guilds are indicated.层积层群落 2012 Prson Edcon ine 中的主要种群 4 Microbiology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University

4 Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Guilds and communities 种群与群落 Various microbial community structure in a lake ecosystem. 湖泊生 态系统中的群落组成 For the sediment community, major guilds are indicated.层积层群落 中的主要种群

Microbial ecology微生物生态学 Microbial ecologists primarily focus on two areas of study: Biodiversity of microorganisms in nature and how different guilds interact in microbial communities 生物的多样性 Activities of microorganisms in nature and monitor their effects on ecosystems微生物的活性 5 Microbiology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University

5 Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Microbial ecology 微生物生态学 Microbial ecologists primarily focus on two areas of study: • Biodiversity of microorganisms in nature and how different guilds interact in microbial communities微 生物的多样性 • Activities of microorganisms in nature and monitor their effects on ecosystems微生物的活性